壮族青少年体型的Heath-Carter人体测量法研究

目的　探讨壮族青少年的体型特征及其变化规律 ,丰富和完善我国少数民族体质资料库。方法　用Heath -Carter人体测量法 ,对 1611(男 80 2 ,女 80 9)例 7～ 18岁的壮族青少年体型进行了研究。结果　①壮族男生内、中、外因子值分别为 2 .1～ 2 .7,3 .0～ 4.3和 2 .7～ 3 .9;女生分别为 2 .5～ 4.9、2 .3～ 3 .2和 2 .3～ 4.4。②壮族男生 8～ 11岁和 14～ 15岁各组为中胚层 -外胚层均衡体型 ,12～ 13岁组为偏中胚层的外胚层体型 ,16～ 17岁组为均衡的中胚层体型。女生 7、8岁组为偏中胚层的外胚层体型 ,9～ 11岁组为均衡的外胚层体型 ,12、13岁组为外胚层的内胚层均衡体型 ,15岁组为均衡的内胚层体型 ,16～ 18岁组为偏中胚层的内胚层体型。③男生体型 8～ 15岁组为外胚层体型比例最高 ,16～ 18岁组为中胚层体型比例最高 ;而女生 7～ 13岁组为外胚层体型比例最高 ,13～ 18岁组为内胚层体型比例最高。结论　①壮族男生体型分布呈外胚层体型向中胚层体型发展 ;女生则呈外胚层体型向内胚层体型发展。②壮族男女生体型与汉族 (内蒙 )体型最为接近。男女生体型间有明显的差别。

Research of the Heath-Carter Anthropometry on the Somatotypes of Zhuang Adolescents

Objective The authors probed into the physical characteristics of Zhuang adolescents and changes of patterns, enriching and perfecting the corporeity database of ethnic minorities in China. Methods The Heath-Carter Anthropometry is adopted for the study on the somatotypes of 1611 Zhuang adolescents (802 males and 809 females) aging from 7～18 years old. Results 1. It was found that the values of inintrinsic, middle and extrinsic factors were 2.1～2.7, 3.0～4.3 and 2.7～3.9 respectively of the male Zhuang adolescents whereas those of the female were 2.5～4.9, 2.3～3.2 and 2.3～4.4; 2. For the male groups, the somatotypes of the 8～11 and 14～15 year-old groups were balanced mesoblast-ectoderm while that of the 12～13 year-old group was mesoblast ectomorphy and balanced mesomorphy for the 16～17 year-old group; for the female groups, the somatotype of the 7～8 year-old group was mesoblast ectomorphy and those for the 9～11, 12～13, 15 and 16～18 year-old groups were balanced ectoderm, ectoderm endoblast, balanced endoblast, mesoblastic endomorphy respectively; 3. In the male groups, the ectomorphy boys were the highest in the 8～15year-old group while the mesomorphy boys dominated the 6～18 year-old group; in the female groups, the ectomorphy girls were the highest in the7～13 year-old group while the endomorphy girls dominated the13～18 year-old group. Conclusion 1. The somatotypes of Zhuang male adolescents are in a trend from ectomorphy to mesomorphy while those of the girls are in a trend from ectomorphy to endomorphy; 2. The somatotypes of Zhuang adolescents are closest with those of the Han (Inner Mongolians) counterparts. There exit significant variations in the somatotypes of males and females.