增生性玻璃体视网膜病变的动物模型

孔源性视网膜脱离并发的增生性玻璃体视网膜病变（PVR）为一系列的细胞活动导致的视网膜脱离手术失败的病变。其发生机制尚不完全清楚，药物治疗效果也不理想。为了研究PVR的发生、发展和治疗，需要首先建立PVR的动物模型。由于PVR的主要病理变化是细胞的过度增生，因而动物模型多以细胞增生模型为主，细胞种类有视网膜色素上皮（RPE）细胞、成纤维细胞、软骨细胞、血管内皮细胞等。其他的模型还包括炎症和细胞迁移模型。实验动物主要有兔、猴、猪和豚鼠等。文章就不同动物模型的制作方法和特点作一简要回顾。

Animal models of proliferative vitreoretinopathy

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is a series of cellular events that include dedifferentiated cell formation,migration,adhesion,and,proliferation followed by membrane formation and traction along surfaces of the detached retina resulting in failure of surgical retinal reattachment.Theories of PVR formation are still not very clear,and the effects of pharmacology therapy are not ideal.In order to study the procedure of PVR formation,development and the treatment effects,animal model is essential.Since an excessive cell growth is considered as the main pathological event,cell proliferation model occupy most of the animal models,and these cells include retinal pigment epithelial( RPE) cell,fibroblast cell,cartilage cell and vascular endothelial cell.Other kinds of models include inflammation model and cell migration model.Rabbit,monkey,pig and guinea pig can be used.Different PVR models execution and their characteristic are briefly reviewed in this article.