护士在医疗场所遭受暴力侵害的现况分析

目的了解医院工作场所暴力事件发生的现况,分析其流行病学特征及规律,探讨有效的预防措施和策略.方法采用非概率抽样的方法对吉林省几所不同级别医院的医务人员进行调查,重点了解护士及护工在医院工作场所遭受暴力的情况.结果接受调查的554名护士(含助理护士)及护工(含临床工人)在1年中有349人遭受过医院场所暴力,发生率为63.0%,以心理暴力最为常见.儿科、急诊、门诊是医院场所暴力的高发科室.暴力事件主要发生在病房(60.5%)和护士站(43.0%),患者亲属(84.8%)是最主要的肇事者,未能满足肇事者要求(63.9%)是发生医院场所暴力的最主要原因.暴力事件对工作人员的影响轻重不一,遭遇暴力后,护士及护工多会理智地与对方讲道理.结论护士遭受工作场所暴力的问题较为严重,必须引起重视,建议采取以法律与教育为主导的综合干预措施,保护医护工作者的人身安全,维护医院的正常工作秩序.

Analysis on the Hospital Workplace Violence of Nurses

Objective To understand prevalence of workplace violence events among nurses in hospital, to analyse its epidemiological characteristics and to explore effective prevention measures. Methods The workers in some hospitals of Jilin Province, especially nurses, were investigated by nonprobability sampling. Results 349 among 554 nurses investigated had such experience during the past year, mainly psychological violence.And the incidence rate of violence was 63.0 percentage, mainly psychological violence.The most high-risk office in hospital was Paediatrics, Emergency and Outpatient Clinic. Usually, violence events often occurred at sickrooms and nurses offices, with the rate 60.5%and 43.0% respectively The main troublemakers were patients relatives, accounting for 84.8% of the total events, and the main causes for workplace violence in hospital was unreasonable requirement from patients or their relatives which was not met with.The influences of violence on nurses varied from light impact to suicidal ideation. Once exposed to violence, the nurese might argue with patients. Conclusions The violence had an important health problem, which should be paid more attention . Comprehensive intervention measures should be adopted focusing on law reinforcement and education, to protect workers safe and maintain normal working order in hospital.