上腔静脉-颈内静脉血氧饱和度差值对重型颅脑损伤患者脑损伤程度及预后评估的价值研究

目的 探讨上腔静脉-颈内静脉血氧饱和度差值（ScVO2-SjVO2）与重型颅脑损伤患者脑损伤程度和预后的关系及其临床价值.方法 选择重型颅脑损伤患者43例,按照入院时格拉斯哥昏迷量表（GCS）评分分为GCS评分3～5分组19例;GCS评分6～8分组24例;选取同期非颅脑损伤,意识清醒的患者20例作为对照组.观察各组患者入ICU后0,12,24,48 h时ScVO2-SjVO2的变化.并根据患者入ICU时ScVO2-SjVO2大小,分为ScVO2-SjVO2＜ 0.05组12例;ScVO2-SjVO20.05 ～0.15组14例;ScVO2-SjVO2＞ 0.15组17例,观察各组间患者GCS评分及28 d时病死率情况.结果 GCS评分3～5分组入ICU后0,12,24,48 h时ScVO2-SjVO2均较对照组明显减小（-0.071±0.032比0.093±0.049,-0.097±0.052比0.081±0.052,-0.035±0.031比0.089±0.059,0.036±0.033比0.081±0.064）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;GCS评分6～8分组入ICU后0,12,24h时ScVO2-SjVO2分别为0.173±0.043,0.158±0.067,0.123±0.073,均较对照组明显升高,差异有统计学意义（P＜ 0.01或＜0.05）.ScVO2-SjVO2＜ 0.05组及ScVO2-SjVO2＞ 0.15组病死率均较ScVO2-SjVO2 0.05～0.15组明显增加（8/12,4/17比1/14）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.ScVO2-SjVO2＜ 0.05组和ScVO2-SjVO2＞ 0.15组GCS评分均低于ScVO2-SjVO2 0.05 ～ 0.15组（4.17±1.34）、（5.88±1.35）分比（6.86±1.35）分],差异有统计学意义（P＜ 0.01或＜0.05）.结论 ScVO2-SjVO2＜ 0.05时,差值大小与脑损伤程度呈负相关;ScVO2-SjVO2＞0.15时,差值大小与脑损伤程度呈正相关.ScVO2-SjVO2可反映患者的脑氧代谢情况,能客观及时地评估脑损伤程度,为重型颅脑损伤的治疗提供循证依据,同时能早期预测患者的预后.

The exploration of the value of superior vena cava-jugular vein oxygen saturation-differential value in evaluating brain damage and prognosis of severe traumatic brain injury

Objective To explore the relationship between superior vena cava-jugular vein oxygen saturation-differential value （ScVO2-SjVO2） and injury severity and prognosis in patients suffered from severe traumatic brain injury,finding out the chnical value.Methods Forty-three patients with severe tranmatic brain injury were selected and divided into two groups according to Glasgow Coma Scale （GCS） score,19 cases were enrolled in GCS 3-5 scores group;24 cases in GCS 6-8 scores group;20 contemporaneous cases in control group had conscious and without traumatic brain injury.The changes of ScVO2-SjVO2 at 0,12,24,48 h after admission of ICU among the groups were observed.In addition according to the degree of change in ScVO2-SjVO2,12 cases were enrolled in ScVO2-SjVO2 ＜ 0.05 group;14 cases in ScVO2-SjVO2 0.05-0.15 group; 17 cases in ScVO2-SjVO2 ＞ 0.15 group.The GCS score and mortality rate in patients after brain injury 28 d among groups were observed.Results GCS 3-5 scores group compared with control group,ScVO2-SjVO2 reduced significantly at 0,12,24,48 h after admission of ICU （-0.071 ±0.032 vs.0.093 ±0.049,-0.097 ±0.052 vs.0.081 ±0.052,-0.035 ±0.031 vs.0.089 ± 0.059,0.036 ± 0.033 vs.0.081 ± 0.064）,there were significant differences （P ＜ 0.01）.GCS 6-8 scores group compared with control group,ScVO2-SjVO2 dramatically increased at 0,12,24 h after admission of ICU（0.173 ± 0.043,0.158 ± 0.067,0.123 ± 0.073）,there were significant differences （P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05）.ScVO2-SjVO2 ＜0.05 group and ScVO2-SjVO2 ＞0.15 group compared with ScVO2-SjVO2 0.05-0.15group,the mortality rate significantly increased,the mortality rate were 8/12,4/17,1/14,respectively,there were significant differences （P ＜0.01）.ScVO2-SjVO2 ＜0.05 group and ScVO2-SjVO2 ＞0.15 group compared with ScVO2-SjVO2 0.05-0.15 group,GCS score decreased significantly（4.17 ± 1.34）,（5.88 ±1.35） scores vs.（6.86 ± 1.35） scores],and there was significant difference （P ＜0.01 or ＜0.05）.Conclusions When ScVO2-SjVO2 ＜ 0.05,the difference is negatively related to the deg~e of brain injury.When ScVO2-SjVO2 ＞0.15,the difference is positively related to the degree of brain injury;ScVO2-SjVO2 can assess injury severity objectively in patients who suffered from severe traumatic brain injury,and it also expresses the rate of cerebral oxygen metabolism.It can provide a basis for treatment accurately and timely,and judgment prognosis.