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心脏瓣膜置换术后抗凝的监测与应用
引用本文:张军,张伟,万俊哲.心脏瓣膜置换术后抗凝的监测与应用[J].中国医师进修杂志,2014(8):8-10.
作者姓名:张军  张伟  万俊哲
作者单位:西安交通大学医学院第二附属医院心血管外科,710004
摘    要:目的 探讨瓣膜置换术后华法林的最佳安全用量.方法 选择100例机械瓣膜置换术后患者,按不同体质量分为≤60 kg组(47例)与>60 kg组(53例);按不同术后时间分为术后≤3个月组(39例)及术后>3个月组(61例);按不同国际标准化比值(INR)分组,INR< 1.5为Ⅰ组(23例);INR 1.5~2.5为Ⅱ组(66例);INR> 2.5为Ⅲ组(11例).比较各组华法林用量,血浆血栓前蛋白(TpP)、D-二聚体(D-D)水平.结果 ≤60 kg组华法林用量为(2.90±1.11) mg,高于>60kg组的(2.47±0.18) mg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).术后≤3个月组与术后>3个月组华法林用量比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组TpP及D-D比较差异有统计学意义(6.32±0.01) mg/L比(4.97±0.81) mg/L、(879±52) μg/L比(151±35)μg/L](P< 0.05).术后≤3个月组并发症发生率为2.6%(1/39),明显低于术后>3个月组的18.0%(11/61),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组华法林用量、D-D比较差异有统计学意义(2.56±0.21) mg比(2.94±0.57)、(3.07±0.44) mg,(793.92±42.73) μg/L比(100.96±21.56)、(61.08±20.34)μg/L](P< 0.05),Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组华法林用量、D-D比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).三组间TpP比较差异均有统计学意义Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别为(8.50±0.63)、(5.42±0.78)、(3.16±0.38) mg/L](P< 0.05).结论 结合口服华法林用量与并发症的发生情况,华法林最佳用量为(2.94±0.57)mg,INR最佳范围为1.5~ 2.5.

关 键 词:心脏瓣膜  华法林  血栓前蛋白  D-二聚体

Application and monitoring of anticoagulation after heart valve replacement
Zhang Jun,Zhang Wei,Wan Junzhe.Application and monitoring of anticoagulation after heart valve replacement[J].Chinese Journal of Postgraduates of Medicine,2014(8):8-10.
Authors:Zhang Jun  Zhang Wei  Wan Junzhe
Institution:1.Department of Cardiovascular Surgery,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710004,China;)
Abstract:Objective To explore the best safe dose of warfarin in patients with heart valve replacement.Methods One hundred patients with heart valve replacement were selected.They were divided into ≤60 kg group(47 cases) and > 60 kg group(53 cases),postoperative time ≤3 months group (39 cases) and postoperative time > 3 months group(61 cases),international normalized ratio(INR) < 1.5 (group Ⅰ,23 cases),INR 1.5-2.5 (group Ⅱ,66 cases),INR > 2.5 (group Ⅲ,11 cases).The dose of warfarin,plasma thrombus precursor protein(TpP) and D-dimer(D-D) were compared.Results The dose of warfarin was (2.90 ± 1.11) mg in ≤ 60 kg group and (2.47 ± 0.18) mg in > 60 kg group,and there was significant difference between two groups (P <0.05).There was no significant difference in the dose of warfarin between postoperative time ≤3 months group and postoperative time > 3 months group (P> 0.05),but there was significant difference in TpP and D-D (6.32 ± 0.01) mg/L vs.(4.97 ± 0.81) mg/L,(879 ± 52) μ g/L vs.(151 ± 35) μ g/L] (P < 0.05).The incidence of complications was 2.6% (1/39) in postoperative time ≤3 months group,which was lower than that in postoperative time > 3 months group18.0%(11/61)],and there was significant difference between two groups (P< 0.05).There was significant difference in the dose of warfarin and D-D between group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ,group Ⅲ (2.56 ±0.21) mg vs.(2.94 ±0.57),(3.07 ±0.44) mg,(793.92 ±42.73) μg/L vs.(100.96 ± 21.56),(61.08 ± 20.34) μg/L](P< 0.05),but there was no significant difference between group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (P >0.05).There was significant difference in TpP among three groups (8.50 ± 0.63),(5.42 ± 0.78),(3.16 ± 0.38) mg/L in group Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ respectively] (P < 0.05).Conclusion With warfarin dose and the incidence of complications,the best dosage of wadarin is (2.94 ± 0.57) mg; the optimal range of INR is 1.5-2.5.
Keywords:Heart valves  Warfarin  Thrombus precursor protein  D-dimer
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