乳腺癌淋巴引流途径的临床研究

目的探讨乳腺癌时乳腺淋巴引流的特点。方法以2004年11月至2006年5月期间住院的206例乳腺癌患者为研究对象，其中191例术前行淋巴闪烁显像。用前哨淋巴结活检和腋窝溶脂后腔镜观察联合验证淋巴闪烁显像所见的乳腺淋巴引流途径和前哨淋巴结。结果肿瘤周围腺体实质和肿瘤被覆皮下联合注射示踪剂内乳前哨淋巴结显示率为46．8％。淋巴显像、前哨淋巴结活检和腋窝溶脂后腔镜3种方法联合观察发现乳腺淋巴经不同输入淋巴管直接引流到腋窝或内乳区；腋窝前哨淋巴结位于第2肋骨与胸大肌外缘交界处周围，少数患者有浅、深两组腋窝前哨淋巴结。内乳淋巴结转移率为26．2％，腋窝淋巴结转移≥4枚时内乳转移率为50．7％。第2肋间隙是内乳淋巴结最常见的转移部位。内乳淋巴结转移与肿瘤部位或大小无显著相关性。结论乳腺实质及皮肤的淋巴沿各自的集合淋巴管不经乳晕淋巴丛而直接汇人腋窝或内乳淋巴结；多数患者不同的淋巴管在腋窝汇人同一前哨淋巴结，少数汇人深浅不同组前哨淋巴结。有选择地行内乳淋巴结活检有助于乳腺癌的精确分期、治疗和预后判断。

Clinical study on lymphatic drainage patterns of breast cancer

Objective To explore the features of lymphatic drainage patterns of breast cancer under physiologic conditions.Methods From Nov 2004 to May 2005,there were 206 consecutive patients enrolled in this study,191 of them received preoperative lymphoscintigraphy.Sentinel lymph node biopsy and endoscopic approach after liposuction were used to prove the lymphatic drainage pathways and sentinel lymph nodes.Results Internal mammary sentinel nodes were revealed in 74 patients(46.84%)who had received peritumoral and s...