自身免疫性肝炎患者临床病理学特点的性别差异比较

目的 分析自身免疫性肝炎(AIH)患者临床病理学特点是否存在性别差异.方法 169例AIH患者分为男性患者组23例,女性患者组146例,对两组患者的临床资料及肝活组织病理学检查结果进行分析,比较两组患者的临床病理学特点.非正态连续变量的比较采用Mann-Whiteney U检验,分类构成比采用Chi-Squre检验,累积生物化学缓解率采用Kaplan-Meier法.结果 男、女患者组的一般情况、AST、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、γ-谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)、总胆红素(Tbi)和肝组织学分级比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).比较两组患者的血清γ-球蛋白、IgG、IgM、自身抗体阳性率及其伴发其他自身免疫性疾病,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).采用传统积分系统评估,男性患者组治疗前积分为14.4±2.3,低于女性患者组的16.6±2.6,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(Z=-3.728,P=0.000),采用简化积分系统评估,男性患者组积分为7.2±0.8,高于女性患者组的6.5±1.2,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.372,P=0.018).15例接受免疫抑制剂治疗的男性AIH患者中有12例达到生物化学缓解,其余3例目前为不完全缓解,累积生物化学缓解率为80％,中位缓解时间为3个月(95％CI为2.070～3.930).结论 AIH在临床及病理特点方面不存在性别间差异,肝功能异常的男性患者也应考虑AIH的可能,建议行肝活组织学检查以明确诊断.简化标准可很好地用于男性AIH患者的临床诊断.

Clinical and pathological features of autoimmune hepatitis: no significant differences between genders

To explore the clinical and pathological features of male and female autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) patients. Methods One hundred and sixty-nine AIH patients were enrolled. The clinical and histological data of the male cases were compared with the female ones. Results There were 23 (13.6%) male patients in our study. The general status, biochemical and immunological test, and histological findings between two groups had no significant difference (P more than 0.05). The IAIHG's revised original scoring system pretreatment scores of male patients (14.4+/-2.3) were lower than that of female ones (16.6+/-2.6, Z= -3.728, P=0.000), whereas the simplified scoring system scores of male patients (7.2+/-0.8) were higher than that of female ones (6.5+/-1.2, Z=-2.372, P=0.018). There were 15 male AIH patients treated with immunosuppressive therapy, then 12 of them reached complete biochemical remission, the other three cases were incomplete response. The complete biochemical remission rate in our male cases was 80%. Median duration of remission was 3 months (95% CI 2.070-3.930 months). Conclusion There are no significant differences in clinical and pathological features of AIH between genders. The diagnosis of AIH should be suspected in male patients with any abnormality in serum aminotransferases levels. Liver biopsy examination is recommended to establish the diagnosis of AIH. The simplified criteria have good diagnostic value for male AIH patients.