临床分离病原菌耐药性的监测

 目的：监测作者所在医院临床分离病原菌分布和耐药性情况,为合理选用抗菌药物提供依据。方法：以头孢硝噻吩纸片对病原菌进行β-内酰胺酶定性测定。应用Kirby-Bbuer琼脂扩散法判断药敏结果。结果与结论：539株住院患者分离病原菌,革兰阳性菌占19%,革兰阴性菌占81%。大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、绿脓杆菌和金葡球菌最为常见。MRSA占26%,MRSC₀占50%。总产酶率为80%。第三代头孢菌素、头孢呋辛和对葡萄球菌的耐药率低于第一代头孢菌素和青霉素类抗生素。头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、头孢他啶、阿米卡星对革兰阴性杆菌耐药率较低。氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物对大肠杆菌呈较高的耐药率,且与其它抗菌药物存在交叉耐药。

Monitoring of separated pathogenic bacterium drug resistance in clinics

OBJECTIVE: To monitor the distribution of pathogenic bacteria separated in clinics and their resistance . METHODS: Cefinase paper was used in the β-lactamase property analysis of pathogenic bacteria .Drug sensitivity was judged using Kirby Bbuer agar diffusion method. RESULTS : 539 pathogenic bacteria were separated from in patients in 1996. Among them, 19% were Gram positive and 81% Gram negative. The total zymogenic rate was 80%. The drug resistance rate of third cephalosporins, cefuroxime and amikacin to Staphylococcus aureus was lower than that of first cephalosporins and penicillin. The drug resistance rate of cefoperazone/subactam, ceftazidime, amikacin and gentamicin to Gram negative rods was low. CONCLUSION: The drug resistance rate of fluoroqinolones to Enterococcus rods is relatively high, and with cross resistance with other antibiotics.