上海市长宁区中学生网络成瘾影响因素分析

目的分析中学生网络成瘾状况及影响因素，探讨对学生网络成瘾行为干预的综合防治措施。方法采用问卷调查方法，以多阶段整群抽取的4所中学的初二、高一年级全体同学为研究对象，进行中学生网络使用情况及导致成瘾的影响因素分析。结果本次调查中学生上网率为83．37％，平均网龄为3．07年，网络成瘾率为6．80％。中学生网络成瘾与家庭成员间关系、学校教育中的一些因素、互联网本身的特性和目前的网络环境有关；在个性特质方面，网络成瘾与性别、自控力、学习成绩与压力、和同学相处有关。网络成瘾学生在自信、对他人怀疑、抑郁、社交恐惧、孤独和焦虑等心理因子的评分上同非成瘾组有明显的差异（P〈0．01）。结论中学生网络成瘾影响因素来自学校家庭社会环境等多方面，与学生本人的性格特征有关联，需要建立起社会、家庭、学校和学生自身密切合作的综合干预模式，才能有效抵御网络成瘾行为的发生。

Analysis on the contributing factors for internet addiction of middle school students in Chan oning District, Shanghai City

Objective To investigate the situation and influences of internet addiction disorder （IAD） among middle school students, and to explore the comprehensive measures to prevent and deal with lAD. Methods Multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to recruit the second grade junior middle school and the first grade senior high school students in 4 middle schools to conduct the survey. Results The majority of the students （83. 37% ） ever used the internet, and the average time of internet use was 3.07 years. The lAD rate was 6. 80%. The lAD of the middle school students was associated with the relationship of their family members, some factors of education in school, the characteristics of the internet, and the current situation of internet use. In personality and demographic dimension, IAD was related to sex, selfcontrol, school performance and pressure, and the relationship with other students. The scores of self-confidence, suspicions, depression, social phobia, autism, and anxiety for lAD students were significantly different from those of other students （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion Factors influencing IAD students came from school, family, and society and also were related to the characteristics of their personalities. A comprehensive intervention model that cooperated with society, family, school, and students should be established to prevent the IAD effectively.