社区获得性泌尿系感染的致病菌及耐药分析

目的对社区泌尿系感染的致病菌及其耐药情况监测，为临床经验性用药提供依据。方法将2003年6月～2004年9月门诊泌尿系感染患者留取中段尿培养后获得的菌种进行药敏分析，获得各菌种对常用抗生素的耐药情况。结果共分离出129株细菌，其中大肠埃希菌和葡萄球菌属为主要致病菌，分别占分离菌种的65．12％和15．50％。药敏分析显示，两种主要致病菌对喹诺酮类药物和阿莫西林耐药率较高，对头孢菌索类和氨基糖苷类药物耐药率较低。不同病种间比较大肠埃希菌耐药率无显著差异。结论社区泌尿系感染的主要致病菌无显著变化，目前临床常用于治疗泌尿系感染的喹诺酮类抗生素对两种主要致病菌的耐药率较高，提示临床医生在对社区获得性泌尿系感染进行经验性治疗时应及时了解致病菌及其耐药情况，以便更合理地用药。

Pathogen occurrence and antimicrobial resistance analysis among community-acquired urinary tract infections

Objective To provide an instruction to the treatment of community-acquired urinary tract infections through surveillance of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance. Method The antimicrobial resistance of clinical isolates from community-acquired urinary tract infection from June 2003 to May 2004 was analyzed by MIC method. Result Escherichia coli (65.12%) and Staphylococcus sp (15.50%) were main pathogens in community-acquired urinary tract infections. These two pathogens showed higher level resistance to quinolones and amoxicillin but lower-level resistance to cephalosporins and aminoglycosides. The resistant level of Escherichia coli among different diseases showed no significant difference. Conclusion The pathogen of community-acquired urinary tract infections revealed no chang in this time. Quinolones which were often used as the first choice in the treatment of urinary tract infections showed higher level resistance to the above-mentioned pathogens.