痰涂片阳性肺结核病人传染性控制效果分析

目的采取切实有效的措施,及早发现并治疗传染性结核病病人,遏制结核病的传播和流行。方法对河源市7684例痰涂片阳性有传染性肺结核病人,进行强化期规范治疗。2个月末和3个月末进行痰涂片复查,观察阴转情况。结果2个月末痰菌阴转率为93.92%,3个月末痰菌阴转率为96.45%。新发涂阳病人痰菌阴转率最好,2个月末为96.52%,3个月末为98.56%;其次为复发涂阳病人;效果最差为复治涂阳病人,2个月末仅为80.93%。结论加强归口管治,对新发涂阳病人进行规则治疗,减少耐药菌,是控制肺结核传播和流行的关键。对复发和复治涂阳病人,要及时作药敏试验,最大限度降低排菌肺结核病人,从而有效地控制结核病的传播和流行。

Monitoring of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Using Sputum Smear Method

Objective To analyze the effectiveness of the preventive measures used in the control of tuberculosis. Methods Compulsory treatment was given to 7 684 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The disease progression was monitored by sputum smear test at the end of 2 to 3 months after the treatment. Results Average of 93.92% and 96.45% of the patients showed negative sputum smear test at 2 and 3 months at the end of months after the treatment,respectively. Newcomer pulmonary tuberculosis patients with sputum smear positive have the highest negative rate,with 96.52% at the end of two months and 98.56% at the end of three months. Received pretreatment but still with sputum smear positive patients show the lowest negative rate,only 80.93% at the end of two months. Relapsed sputum Smear positive patient's negative rate is in the middle of above two. Conclusion The keys of success of preventing pulmonary tuberculosis,especially the relapse cases,are to strengthen the patient management,implementation of the compulsory treatment scheme,and reduction of multiple drug resistant bacteria.