Therapeutic efficacy of adjunctive photodynamic therapy in the treatment of denture stomatitis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;2. Department of O&MFS and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;3. Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences (Oral Pathology), Faculty of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;4. Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia;5. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia;6. Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia;7. Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia;1. Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia;2. Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia;3. Department of Dental Technology, College of Medical Applied Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia;4. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sharavathi Dental College and Hospital, Shivamogga, Karnataka 577204, India;5. Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sharavathi Dental College and Hospital, Shivamogga, Karnataka 577204, India;6. Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ministry of Health, Levy Mwanawasa Medical University (LMMU), Lusaka 10101, Zambia;1. Postgraduate program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil;2. Undergraduate program in the Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil;1. Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia;2. Department of O&MFS and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;3. Crown and Bridge Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assuit Branch, 71524, Egypt;4. Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences (Oral Pathology), Faculty of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;5. Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia;6. Faculty of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;7. Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar Al UloomUniversity, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;1. Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia;2. Department of Oral Biology, Bahria University Dental college, Pakistan;3. College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia;4. Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia;1. Center of Biophotonics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia – UFBA, Av. Araújo Pinho, 62, Canela, Salvador, BA CEP: 40110-150, Brazil;2. Laboratory of Biotechnology and Ecology of Microorganisms, Institute of Health Science, Federal University of Bahia, Reitor Miguel Calmon Ave, S/N, Salvador, BA CEP:40110-100, Brazil;3. Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics & Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS, UK;4. Department of Biology, Feira de Santana State University, Feira de Santa, BA 44036-900, Brazil;5. School of Dentistry, Ruy Barbosa Wyden University Center University (UniRuy Wyden), Av. Luís Viana Filho, 3172 - Paralela, Salvador - BA CEP: 41720-200, Brazil;1. Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;2. Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;3. Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia;4. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundThe present report assessed the efficacy of curcumin-mediated photodynamic therapy (CUR-mediated PDT) as an adjunct to antifungal gel treatment by evaluating the salivary interleukin-6 (IL-6) and matrix metalloproteinases-8 (MMP-8) levels together with Candida species counts in denture stomatitis (DS) patients.MethodsIn total, 50 DS subjects were randomly categorized into 2 groups: Group-1: subjects who received the antifungal gel treatment and Group-2: participants who received CUR-mediated PDT. The Sabourad Dextrose Agar and CHROMAgar were utilized for evaluating Candida species counts, while the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay was employed to estimate the salivary levels of IL-6 and MMP-8. All clinical evaluations were performed at the baseline, 1 month, and 2 months.ResultsIn total, group-2 subjects showed a significant decrease in Candida albicans (C. albicans) counts on both follow-ups (i.e., 1-month and 2-month) than group-1 participants. C. krusei count also reduced in group-2 subejcts than group-1 participants at the 2nd follow-up as compared to the baseline, nevertheless, a slight increase in C. krusei count was noticed in group-2 subjects at the 2nd follow-up than the 1st follow-up. The salivary IL-6 and MMP-8 levels in both groups reduced significantly at both follow-ups than the baseline. According to the stepwise logistic regression analysis, no statistically significant correlation was observed between Candida species count and other parameters such as age and gender of the patient, duration of DS, and frequency of treatment(s).ConclusionCUR-mediated PDT is an efficaciousness therapeutic modality for alleviating Candida species counts on the surface of denture and the palatal mucosa, as well as improving the salivary IL-6 and MMP-8 levels in DS patients. |
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| Keywords: | Photodynamic Therapy Interleukin-6 |
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