Efficacy of surgical periodontal treatment with and without photobiomodulation in the treatment of severe periodontitis: An evaluation of periodontal,microbiological, and cytokine levels |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia;2. Department of General Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;3. Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia;4. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Science, College of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia;1. Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ophthalmology Clinic, Ankara, Turkey;2. Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Rheumatology Clinic, Ankara, Turkey;3. Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ophthalmology Clinic, Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara, Turkey;1. Department of General Surgery, Subdivision of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Pediatrics, Dental School, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran;3. Radiation Sciences Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences - International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran;1. Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC). Madrid, Spain;2. Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Madrid, Spain;3. Department of Ophthalmology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L''Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;1. Cornea Eye Institute, Beverly Hills, CA, United States;2. Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, and Department of Pediatrics at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA, United States;1. Department of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 South Xianlie Road, Guangzhou 510060, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510020, China |
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| Abstract: | AimTo compare the efficacy of surgical periodontal treatment (SPT) alone and PDT-assisted surgery in participants with severe periodontitis.Material and methodsThe present clinical trial was completed by 64 participants (n = 32 each). The selection was made according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients in group A were treated with SPT only and participants in group B were treated with SPT adjunct to PDT. Microbiological assessment of P.Gingivalis; T. Forsythia and T.Denticola were evaluated using cultural analysis and periodontal parameters plaque score (PSc), bleeding on probing (BoP) periodontal depth (PD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) at baseline and post-treatment at 6 months and 12 months were performed. The gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected for the estimation of IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For intra-group comparison and post hoc correction, Student's t-test along with Bonferroni was used. For the difference between follow-ups, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) multiple rank tests were incorporated.ResultsThe mean age of participants in the SPT group was 55.25±4.6yrs. Whereas, participants treated with PDT adjunct to SPT were 54.88±3.6yrs. Periodontal parameters (BoP, PD, PSc, CAL) showed no significant difference at baseline. At 6 months and 12 months follow-up, a significant difference in all parameters (BoP, PD, PSc, and CAL) was found in participants treated with SPT alone and PDT adjunct to SPT (p<0.05). Inflammatory biomarkers at 6-month and 12-month follow-ups, a statistically significant difference in the level of biomarkers (IL-1β and TNF-α) were observed in both groups from baseline (p<0.05). However, at baseline, no significant difference was noted in both groups (p> 0.05). The microbiological assessment showed a significant drop in the bacterial count in participants treated with both regimes i.e., SPT alone and PDT adjunct to SPT.ConclusionPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) adjunct to surgical periodontal treatment (SPT) in severe periodontitis improves microbiological and periodontal parameters and lowers the level of proinflammatory cytokines. |
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| Keywords: | Photodynamic therapy |
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