SOS儿童村儿童自我意识与人格特征的研究

目的 探讨SOS儿童村儿童的自我意识及其人格特征.方法 采用Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表(PHCSS)、艾森克人格问卷儿童版(EPQ)及自制一般情况调查表分别评定61名SOS儿童村儿童(SOS组)及性别和年龄相匹配的单亲家庭(单亲组)和完整家庭(完整组)儿童各61名.结果 SOS组男童的行为、躯体外貌与属性、幸福与满足及自我意识总分低于完整组男童(10.69±2.74)分,(12.57±2.36)分,P=0.013;(6.51±2.63)分,(8.29±2.75)分,P=0.011;(6.54±1.93)分,(7.97±1.60)分,P=0.004;(48.09±10.88)分,(55.86±10.11)分,P=0.007)],3组女童自我意识因子分及总分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).SOS组女童的E分低于完整组女童(P=0.004).儿童自我意识状况与其人格特征、学习环境、家庭结构、家长学习期望、学习成绩、要好朋友数及亲子日常交流相关(-0.566

The self-concept and personality of the children in the SOS children village

Objective To study the characteristics of self-concept and personality in the SOS children vil-lage's children. Methods Sixty-one children from SOS children village, sixty-one children with single parent and sixty-one children in intact family, matched with the SOS children in gender and age, were assessed by Piers-Harris children's self-concept Scale(PHCSS), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire for Children (EPQ) and general status questionnaire. Result In the PHCSS, the scores on behavior, body of color and attribute, blessedness and satisfac-tion and the total score of boys in the SOS group were lower than those in the intact family group's ((10.69± 2.74) vs (12.57±2.36),P=0.013;(6.51±2.63) vs (8.29±2.75), P=0.011;(6.54±1.93) vs (7.97± 1.60), P=0.004; (48.09±10.88) vs (55.86±10.11), P=0.007)). The E scale's score of the SOS group's girls was lower than that in the intact group (P=0.004). Children's self-concept status was related with their learning environment, family structure, parent' s learning expectation, daily communication, personality, number of good friends and academic performance (-0.566 < r < 0.395). Conclusions The self-concept status of girls in the SOS children village show lower level. The personality of boys in the SOS children village tend to be introver-sive and stable. Children's self-concept status was related with the factors of their personality, life environment,family structure,et al.