糖尿病患者趾甲真菌病的患病率及易感因素

目的 探讨糖尿病患者甲真菌病的患病率及易感因素.方法 研究我院糖尿病门诊和住院的糖尿病患者趾甲真菌病的发病情况,并与非糖尿病组比较.结果 糖尿病组与对照组趾甲真菌病的患病率分别为20.8%和9.4%,两组差异有显著性(P<0.001).两组均发现趾甲真菌病的患病率和年龄、性别显著相关(P<0.001).糖尿病组皮肤癣菌和酵母菌分离率接近,分别为47.4%和40.0%,对照组则为66.6%和27.3%.单因素分析表明趾甲真菌病的易感因素包括:糖尿病病程、周围血循环障碍、末梢神经炎、视网膜病变及口服免疫抑制剂.结论 糖尿病人群合并趾甲真菌病的风险是对照组的2.2倍.易感因素包括老龄、男性、病程长、周围血循环障碍、末梢神经炎、视网膜病变及口服免疫抑制剂.

Prevalence and Predisposing Factors of Toenail Onychomycosis in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Objective To study the prevalence of toenail onychomycosis in the patients with diabetes mel-litus. Methods The incidence and predisposing factors of onychomycosis were studied in the in- and out-patients with diabetes mellitus(n = 456). The data were also compared with non-diabetic patients (control group, n = 350). Results The prevalence rates of toenail onychomycosis were 20.8% and 9.4% in the diabetics and control group, respectively, with statistical difference (P < 0.001). In both groups, it was found that the prevalences were significantly correlated with the ageing and male gender (P < 0.001). In the diabetic group the infection of dermatophytes and yeasts was 47.4% and 40.0%, respectively, but in the control group it was 68.5% and 25.7%, respectively. The single factor analysis demonstrated that the predisposing factors for toenail onychomycosis included the duration of diabetes (P < 0.001), the disturbance of peripheral circulation (P < 0.05), peripheral neuropathy (P < 0.001), retinopathy (P < 0.001) and oral immunosuppressive agents (P < 0.001). Conclusions The prevalence rate of toenail onychomycosis is 2.2 times higher in diabetics than that in the controls. The predisposing factors include ageing, male, the duration of diabetes, the disturbance of peripheral circulation, peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy and oral immunosuppressive agents.