Temporal Regulation by Innate Type 2 Cytokines in Food Allergies |
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| Authors: | Michelle T. Graham Sandra Andorf Jonathan M. Spergel Talal A. Chatila Kari C. Nadeau |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,Stanford University,Stanford,USA;2.Department of Pediatrics,Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania,Philadelphia,USA;3.Division of Allergy and Immunology,The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia,Philadelphia,USA;4.Division of Immunology,Boston Children’s Hospital,Boston,USA;5.Department of Pediatrics,Harvard Medical School,Boston,USA |
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| Abstract: | Purpose of ReviewFood allergies (FAs) are a growing epidemic in western countries with poorly defined etiology. Defined as an adverse immune response to common food allergens, FAs present heterogeneously as a single- or multi-organ response that ranges in severity from localized hives and angioedema to systemic anaphylaxis.Recent FindingsCurrent research focusing on epithelial-derived cytokines contends that temporal regulation by these factors impact initial sensitization and persistence of FA responses upon repeated food allergen exposure. Mechanistic understanding of FA draws insight from a myriad of atopic conditions studied in humans and modeled in mice.SummaryIn this review, we will highlight how epithelial-derived cytokines initiate and then potentiate FAs. We will also review existing evidence of the contribution of other atopic diseases to FA pathogenesis and whether FA symptoms overlap with other atopic diseases. |
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