无菌棉签蘸取奶液用于极低出生体重儿的早期微量喂养

目的探讨极低出生体重儿(very low weight birth infant,VL WBI)经口早期微量喂养的最佳方式。方法将41例VLBWI随机分为实验组和对照组:实验组21例,无菌棉签蘸取奶液后让患儿吸吮;对照组20例,给予鼻胃管喂养。观察两组患儿达全口喂养时间、体重增长情况、胎粪完全排出时间、光疗时间、住院时间以及并发症和不良反应的发生情况。结果与对照组比较,实验组达全口喂养时间早,体重增长无明显差异,胎粪完全排出时间、住院时间、光疗时间及呼吸暂停存在时间缩短,喂养不耐受、口腔炎及SaO_2下降例数减少。结论无菌棉签蘸取奶液用于VLBWI早期经口微量喂养可锻炼新生儿的吸吮及吞咽能力,改善胃肠动力,减少喂养不耐受,缩短住院日,从而减轻患儿家庭的经济负担。

Application of Sterile Cotton Label Dipped with Milk in Feeding Very Low-birth Weight Infants at Early Stage

Objective To search for the best way for feeding very low birth weight infants(VLBWI) at early stage.Methods Forty-one VLBWI were divided into experimental group(n=21)and control group(n=20).Patients in the experimental group were given milk by sterile cotton labels dipped in milk and those in the control group were given nasogastric feeding.The time to mouth breast feeding,the weight gain,time for meeonium complete excretion,time of light therapy, hospital stay,complication and occurrence of adverse reaction were observed and compared be- tween the 2 groups.Results Compared with infants in the control group,those in the experimen- tal group had earlier mouth breast feeding,shorter time for meconium complete excretion,shorter time of light therapy,and shorter hospital stay and less complication;the weight gains were simi- lar between the 2 groups.Conclusion Cotton label dips in milk can train the sucking and swallowing ability of VLBWI,improve their gastrointestinal movement,reduce intolerance to feeding,short- en hospital stay,and reduce the expense of the family.