上呼吸道内镜检查在慢性咳嗽诊断和治疗中的意义

目的：探讨上呼吸道内镜检查在慢性咳嗽诊断和治疗中的临床意义。方法：选取120例慢性咳嗽患者，通过采集病史、上呼吸道内镜检查及相关辅助检查进行病因分析，并针对病因进行治疗。结果：鼻后滴漏综合征47例，嗜酸细胞性支气管炎及咳嗽变异型哮喘32例，胃食管反流性咳嗽35例，癔病性病因2例，原因不明4例。98例患者3～7d内咳嗽明显好转，106例2周内自觉咳嗽明显好转，106例患者于咳嗽消失1周后停药，14例转入儿科及心理科。结论：慢性咳嗽病因复杂，应综合分析后治疗，常见病因有鼻后滴漏综合征、胃食管反流病及咳嗽变异型哮喘等，上呼吸道内镜检查可观察上呼吸道细微病变，有助于及时明确病因。

Upper respiratory tract endoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic cough

Objective: To investigate the etiological factors of chronic cough and the effect of endoscopic examination of the upper respiratory tract. Method: Endoscopic examination of the upper respiratory tract and the assistance inspection were performed on 120 cases of chronic cough to explore the etiology. Results: In the 120 cases, posterior nasal drip syndrome was found in 47 cases, acidophile bronchitis and cough variability asthma in 32 cases, gastroesophageal reflux diseases in 35 cases, hysteria in 2 cases and unknown cause in 4 cases. After treatment, 98 cases were greatly improved in 3-7days, 106 patients felt obviously improved in 2 weeks, and 106 cases stopped taking medicine 1 week after the symptoms vanished. The other 14 cases were transferred to departments of paediatrics or psychology. Conclusion: Chronic cough is caused by many factors. Endoscopic examination is helpful in observing the slight pathological changes of the upper respiratory tract.