160名男护士职业定位现状调查研究

目的：探讨男护士的职业定位现状及其相关因素。方法：通过自行编制“男护士职业锚问卷”，对福州和厦门两地160名男护士进行问卷调查，分析其职业锚类型的总体状况和人口学变量的差异性。结果：男护士的职业锚有4种类型，依据得分由高到低依次为挑战技术型、奉献服务型、安全生活型和管理型。25岁以上的男护士奉献服务型得分高于25岁及以下者；已婚者的挑战技术型、安全生活型、管理型得分高于未婚者；工作5年以上者的挑战技术型、奉献服务型得分高于工作5年及以下者；正式编制内护士的挑战技术型、管理型、奉献服务型得分高于台同制护士；急诊、ICU和普通病房的男护士挑战技术型得分高于精神科，其差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：男护士职业定位主要为迎接挑战、提高业务技术水平、奉献服务、安稳生活和管理决策。年龄在25岁以上、已婚、工作5年以上、编制内男护士职业定位更趋于稳定，急诊、ICU和普通病房的男护士职业定位更倾向于挑战与技术。结论：护理管理者应了解男护士的职业定位，针对其职业定位进行科学的职业生涯管理。

Career anchor status among 160 male nurses

Objective： To explore the status and related factors of career anchors among male nurses. Methods： Totally 160 male nurses in Fuzhou and Xiamen were investigated through self-designed Male Nurses＇ Career Anchor Questionnaire to analyze the overall status and differences of career anchor. Results： Based on the scores from high to low, 4 types of career anchors among male nurses were technical-challenge, dedication-service, security-lifestyle and management. Dedicated service scores of male nurses over 26 years old was higher than those of nurse 25 years old or below. Technical-challenge, security- lifestyleand management scores of married nurses were higher than those of single nurses. Technical-challenge and dedication-service scores of nurses over 5 years working experiences were higher than those of nurses 5 years working experiences or below. Technical-challenge, dedication-service and management scores of formal staff were higher than those of contract nurses. Technical-challenge scores of nurses in emergency room, ICU and general wards were higher than those of nurses in psychiatric department （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion： Career orientation of male nurses are aiming at challenging, improving professional competence, devoting service, stabling life and management decision-making. Male nurses who were over 25 years old, married, more than 5 years working experience and formal staff had more stable career anchor than others. Compared with nurse working in department of psychiatry, male nurses in Emergency Department, ICU and general wards tend to technical-challenge.The conclusion indicates that nursing managers should understand the career anchor of male nurses and carry out career management according to the male nurses＇ career anchor.