飞行员的隐性噪声性听力损害

目的　对无自觉听力减退的飞行员进行了听力学检查 ,以期发现飞行员的早期隐性噪声性听力损害。　方法　采用扩展频率的纯音测听和声导抗测试 ,观察了无听力减退症状飞行员的纯音听阈、声反射阈及纯音声反射阈和白噪声声反射阈之间差值的变化。　结果　与听力正常且无噪声暴露史的对照组 (2 0例 ,4 0耳 )相比 ,飞行员组 (36例 ,72耳 )各频率的平均纯音听阈提高 10dB以上 ,以 4kHz及 12 .5kHz处的听力损失尤为明显 (P <0 .0 1) ,其白噪声声反射阈增加且与纯音声反射阈之间差值缩小 (P <0 .0 1)。　结论　无自觉听力减退症状的飞行员可能存在早期隐性的噪声性听力损害 ,应加强早期防护

Investigation of early noise-induced hearing impairment in pilots

Objective To detect the early noise induced hearing impairment in pilots without self aware hearing loss. Methods Thirty six pilots without self aware hearing loss served as subjects, and 20 normal volunteers without history of noise exposure as controls. Audiometry with extended high frequencies (HF) was performed and acoustic reflex threshold (ART) of pure tone and white noise (WN) were tested. The differences between test data of two groups were treated statistically. Results The pure tone hearing thresholds of pilot group were significantly higher than those of controls at all tested frequencies with maximum shifts at 4 kHz and 12.5 kHz ( P <0.01). The ART of white noise of pilot group was significantly higher than that of controls ( P <0.01), and the differences between ART of pure tones and that of WN in pilot group were significantly less than those of controls. Conclusions It is suggested that aircraft noise can induce hearing impairment of pilots without their awareness. Audiometry with extended HF and ART measurements are helpful for detection of early noise induced hearing impairment.