Clinical proteomics in breast cancer: a review |
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Authors: | Marie-Christine W Gast Jan H M Schellens Jos H Beijnen |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Slotervaart Hospital, P.O. Box 90440, 1006 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands;(2) Department of Medical Oncology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital/The Netherlands Cancer Institute, P.O. Box 90203, 1006 BE Amsterdam, The Netherlands;(3) Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Biomedical Analysis, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands |
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Abstract: | Breast cancer imposes a significant healthcare burden on women worldwide. Early detection is of paramount importance in reducing
mortality, yet the diagnosis of breast cancer is hampered by the lack of an adequate detection method. In addition, better
breast cancer prognostication may improve selection of patients eligible for adjuvant therapy. Hence, new markers for early
diagnosis, accurate prognosis and prediction of response to treatment are warranted to improve breast cancer care. Since proteomics
can bridge the gap between the genetic alterations underlying cancer and cellular physiology, much is expected from proteome
analyses for the detection of better protein biomarkers. Recent technical advances in mass spectrometry, such as matrix-assisted
laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and its variant surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionisation
(SELDI-) TOF MS, have enabled high-throughput proteome analysis. In the current review, we give a comprehensive overview of
the results of expression proteomics (i.e. protein profiling) research performed in breast cancer using these two platforms.
Many protein peaks have been reported to bear significant diagnostic, prognostic or predictive value, however, only few candidate
markers have been structurally identified yet. In addition, although of pivotal importance in preventing overfitting of data
and systematic bias by pre-analytical parameters, validation of biomarker candidates by other, quantitative, methods and/or
in new populations is very limited. Moreover, none of the identified candidate biomarkers has been investigated for their
utility as breast cancer markers in large, prospective, clinical settings. As such, the candidate biomarkers discussed in
this overview have not been validated sufficiently to be used for clinical patient care. Nonetheless, regarding the promising
results up to now, MALDI- and SELDI-TOF MS protein profiling studies could eventually fulfil the great promise that protein
biomarkers have for improving cancer patient outcome, provided that these studies are performed with adequate statistical
power and analytical rigour. |
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Keywords: | Breast cancer Biomarkers MALDI-TOF MS SELDI-TOF MS |
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