温州地区小学生热性惊厥流行病学调查

目的：调查温州地区小学生热性惊厥(febrile convulsion,FC)的患病情况,探讨FC的临床特点。方法：对浙江省温州市区及郊区各2所小学中6406名12岁以下儿童进行问卷调查。结果：6406例学生中有235例患有FC,患病率为3.67%。FC首次发病年龄大部分集中在6个月至3周岁（75.7%）,中位年龄为16个月。发作多呈全身性（224例,95.3%);持续时间多在10 min以内（203例,86.4%）。FC转为癫癎者13例(5.5%),均为复杂型FC。88例(37.4%)复发,其中38例仅复发1次,50例复发2次以上。200例做了脑电图检查,其中12例表现异常（6.0%）。结论：温州地区小学生FC患病率为3.67%;FC发作多呈全身性,持续时间短;复杂型FC可转变为癫癎。

An epidemiological survey of febrile convulsions among pupils in the Wenzhou region

Objective To study the prevalence and clinical features of febrile convulsion(FC) among pupils in the Wenzhou region,Zhejiang Province,China.Methods Using a random stratified cluster sampling method,6406 children under 12 years from two primary schools of urban areas and two primary schools of rural areas were surveyed.Results The prevalence of FC was 3.67%(235/6406).Most children(75.7%) experienced their first onset of FC at 6 months to 3 years of age(median: 16 months).The seizures were generalized(95.3%,224/235),with a duration of less than 10 min utes(86.4%,203/235).FC was developed into epilepsy in 13 children(5.5%) who all sufferred from complex FC.Relapses were noted in 88 cases(37.4%),among whom 38 patients had only 1 recurrence and 50 patients had 2 or more relapses.EEG was performed in 200 cases,among whom 12(6.0%) showed abnormalities.Conclusions The prevalence of FC is 3.67% among pupils in the Wenzhou region.The seizures are generalized,with a short duration.A part of complex FC can be developed into subsequent epilepsy.