一起阑尾炎暴发的流行病学调查

采用病例对照设计比较患者和对照的既往病史和暴露史，以探讨一起阑尾炎暴发的原因。１９９７ 年４ 月１１ 日至１０月１ 日，武汉市某中学出现１３ 例阑尾炎患者，９ 例发生于５ 月１２ 日至６ 月１３ 日之间。学生罹患率为４１ ％ （１２／２９０） ，９ 个班中５ 个班有学生发病，分别为１ 、２ 、２ 、３ 、４ 例，呈聚集趋势。患者中学习紧张和吃冷饮 的比例多于对照，病检显示病毒性阑尾炎特征。综上，本次暴发似由传染因子所致，学习紧张和吃冷饮似为辅助因素。

A Study on an Outbreak of Acute Appendicitis

Aim to explore to cause of an outbreak of cases with acute appendicitis.Methods Case control study was used to compare disease histories and exposure factors.Results At a middle school,13 cases with acute appendicitis occurred from April 11,1997 to October 1,1997,9 cases occurred between May 12 and June 13,and formed two peaks.12 student cases occurred in 5 of total 9 classes in which there were 1,2,2,3,4 cases respectively.Attack rate in students was 4 1%(12/290).Attack rates between male and female students were 2\^0% (3/149) and 6 4% (9/114) respectively .5 non operated patients (4 female and 1 male )were not included.The case control study showed occurrence of stress of study and soft drink intakes were more frequent in the cases than in control.Pathologic examination showed haemorrhagic inflammation with infiltration of plasma cells and lymphocytes.Conclusion The outbreak probably resulted from infectious agent.Stress of study and soft drink intakes probably played roles of enabling factors.