老年人体质指数与高血压和2型糖尿病的关系

目的 了解肥胖与老年人高血压、2型糖尿病的关系及其流行特点。 方法 随机抽取我市60～86岁居民健康体检资料2090例，以体质指数(BMI)作为指标，采用世界卫生组织国际高血压学会和美国糖尿病协会诊断标准进行诊断分组，分析肥胖与2型糖尿病、高血压发病的关系。结果 高血压组976例患者平均BMI、脉压、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)和空腹血糖(FBG)分别为(26.32±3.66)kg/m2、(16.28±13.21)mm Hg、(4.78±1.23)mmol/L、（1.79±1.36）mmol/L、(5.61±1.37)mmol/L,与非高血压组1114例(25.28±3.36)kg/m2、(11.37±9.39)mm Hg、(4.54±1.23) mmol/L、(1.52±1.12) mmol/L、(4.28±2.12) mmol/L相比差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为6.771、9.880、4.450、4.975、6.770,均P＜0.01）；糖尿病组272例平均BMI、舒张压、脉压、TC、TG分别为（26.29±3.24）kg/m2、(82.43±10.22)mm Hg、(18.77±10.11)mm Hg、(4.85±2.05) mmol/L、(1.76±1.76)mmol/L,与非糖尿病组1818例(24.13±3.42)kg/m2、(80.38±6.87)mm Hg、(12.26±9.56)mm Hg、（4.36±1.21）mmol/L、(1.52±1.21)mmol/L相比差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为9.780、4.266、10.395、5.588、2.851,均P＜0.01）;血脂正常组其收缩压、脉压与单纯高TC组比较差异有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）；血脂正常组其FBG与单纯高TG组比较差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05);血脂正常组其BMI、脉压、FBG与高TC和TG组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。 结论老年人体质指数的升高与高血压、2型糖尿病具有密切关系，预防肥胖是防治老年人高血压、糖尿病的重要举措。

The relationship of body mass index with hypertension and type 2 diabetes in the elderly

Objective To investigate the relation ship of obesity with high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes and to find characteristics of the prevalence. Methods From different BMI groups,2,090 cases aged 60-86 years were randomly collected according to the medical and health information.Hypertension and diabetes were diagnosed by WHO international diagnostic criteria.Results In hypertension group (976 cases), average body mass index (BMI), pulse pressure ( PP), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), fasting blood glucose (FBG) showed significant difference compared with non-hypertention group (1114 cases) (all P＜0.01)(26.32±3.66)kg/m2 , (16.28±13.21 )mm Hg, (4.78±1.23) mmol/L, (1.79±1.36) mmol/L, (5.61±1.37) mmol/L vs. (25.28± 3.36) kg/m2, ( 11.37 ± 9.39) mm Hg, (4.54 ± 1.23 ) mmol/L, ( 1.52 ± 1.12) mmol/L, ( 4.28 ±2.12)mmol/L]. In diabetes group (272 cases), average BMI, PP, TC, TG and FBG showed significant difference as compared with non-diabetes group (1818 cases)(all P＜0.01)(26. 29±3.24)kg/m2 , (82.43± 10.22) mm Hg, (18.77±10.11) mm Hg, (4.85±2.05) mmol/L, (1.76± 1.76)mmol/L vs. (24.13±3.42) kg/m2 , (80.38±6.87) mm Hg, (12.26±9.56) mm Hg, (4.36± 1.21)mmol/L, (1.52± 1.21) mmol/L]. In normal blood lipids group, BMI, PP, and FBG were found significant differences compared with high TC or TG group (all P＜0.05).Conclusions The increase of body mass index in the elderly has a close relationship with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. It is important to prevent obesity in the prevention and control of hypertension and diabetes.