Technical errors in MR arthrography |
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Authors: | Juerg Hodler |
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Institution: | (1) Radiology, Orthopaedic University Hospital of Balgrist, Forchstrasse 340, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland |
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Abstract: | This article discusses potential technical problems of MR arthrography. It starts with contraindications, followed by problems
relating to injection technique, contrast material and MR imaging technique. For some of the aspects discussed, there is only
little published evidence. Therefore, the article is based on the personal experience of the author and on local standards
of procedures. Such standards, as well as medico-legal considerations, may vary from country to country. Contraindications
for MR arthrography include pre-existing infection, reflex sympathetic dystrophy and possibly bleeding disorders, avascular
necrosis and known allergy to contrast media. Errors in injection technique may lead to extra-articular collection of contrast
agent or to contrast agent leaking from the joint space, which may cause diagnostic difficulties. Incorrect concentrations
of contrast material influence image quality and may also lead to non-diagnostic examinations. Errors relating to MR imaging
include delays between injection and imaging and inadequate choice of sequences. Potential solutions to the various possible
errors are presented. |
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Keywords: | Arthrography Magnetic resonance imaging Contraindications Infection Hypersensitivity Contrast media |
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