贵阳地区儿童肥胖一般情况及危险因素分析

目的：了解贵阳地区儿童单纯性肥胖症的现况及危险因素，为家长、教育系统实施干预提供依据。更好地预防成年期相关疾病的发生。方法：随机整群抽取贵阳地区7所学校学生进行体检，用身高标准体重法进行肥胖筛查，再随机抽取其中3所学校部分学生进行危险因素问卷调查。结果：肥胖检出率为11．11％(男13．71％，女8．45％)，肥胖高峰年龄为9～11岁，肥胖分度构成中轻度为49．92％，中、重度为50．08％，超重人数与肥胖人数比为1．15。危险因素分析发现，有肥胖家族史、父母经济收入高、过早添加固体辅食、特殊饮食习惯及体育锻炼时间过少为肥胖主要危险因素。结论：儿童单纯性肥胖症发生率高于以往水平，呈明显上升趋势，且中、重度肥胖比率较高。肥胖为遗传、环境、不良生活方式等多因素镶嵌作用而形成。

An Analysis on State of Obesity in Children of Guiyang City and the Risk Factors

Objective: To know the prevalence and the affecting factors of simple obesity in children of Guiyang district, so as to obtain scientific basis to interferential measures for parents and schools.Methods: A stratified-cluster sampling method was used to investigate among the students of 7 primary schools by height-weight method. In addition, some of the students from 3 schools were chosen randomly to answer the questionnaire about risk factors.Results: The total obesity rate was 11.11%, and the obesity rate of males was higher than that of females (13.71% versus 8.45%). The peak age of obesity was 9-11 years old. The composition of obesity grading was that light obesity occupied 49.92%, and more than half of the obese students were moderate to severe obesity (50.08%). The ratio of over-weight versus obesity was 1.15. Risk factor analysis showed that familial aggregation, higher-income of the family, too early feeding with solid supplementary foods, special dietary habit, and lack of physical exercise were the main risk factors for simple obesity.Conclusions: The obesity incidence in Guiyang district from this survey is much higher than those from previous studies, and it has an increasing tendency. The main causes of obesity include genetic and environmental factors and unhealthy life-style behaviors.