早产儿支气管肺发育不良的危险因素分析

目的 分析引起早产儿支气管肺发育不良（BPD）的危险因素。方法对我院NICU收治的53例需机械通气治疗早产儿发展成为BPD的患者，回顾性分析发生BPD的危险因素。结果在进行机械通气治疗且存活达28d以上早产儿53例，BPD的发生率为占应用呼吸机治疗的早产儿24．5％（13／53），占所有住院早产儿的12．7％（13／102）。发现胎龄、出生时体质量、胎膜早破、动脉导管未闭、反复肺部感染、机械通气时间、吸氧时间均为BPD的危险因素（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）；窒息史、产前及生后应用糖皮质激素和肺泡表面活性物质均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论胎龄、出生时体质量、反复肺部感染、机械通气时间均为发生BPD的独立危险因素。。

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Premature Children:Risk Factors

Objective To analyze the risk factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia（BPD） in premature children. Methods A retrospective analysis was made of the risk factors of 53 premature children who underwent mechanical ventilation treatment and developed into BPD, admitted to in NICU of our hospital. Results The survival time was up to 28 days in 53 premature children who underwent mechanical ventilation treatment and the incidence of BPD accounted for 24.5% （13/53） in premature children who underwent mechanical ventilation treatment and 12.7%（13/102） in hospitalized premature children. Gestational age, birth weight, premature rupture of membrane,patent ductus arteriosus, repeated lung infections,time of mechanical ventilation and aspiration oxygen were found to be risk factors of BPD（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01 ）. Such factors as asphyxia history, prenatal and use of postnatal corticosteroids and alveolar surfactant showed no statistical significance（P〉0.05）. Conclusion The gestational age, birth weight, repeated lung infections and time of mechanical ventilation are the independent risk factors of development BPD.