骨髓间充质干细胞经静脉移植到心肌梗死大鼠体内后的分布

目的 探讨经静脉注射骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）于心肌梗死大鼠模型后在体内的分布及对心功能的影响。方法 心肌梗死后1周将标记的MSCs注射到大鼠舌下静脉内，在细胞移植后不同时间点取心、肝、脾、肺、肾脏器，进行组织学检查观察移植细胞的分布。通过心脏超声复查移植后3周、6周心功能改变情况。结果 MSCs 经静脉注射后各脏器的组织结构无明显异常改变。移植细胞在早期主要分布在正常心肌组织内，1周后主要分布在梗死及交界区内，正常心肌组织内很少见细胞存留。细胞移植后3周、6周实验组左心室没有进一步扩大，心功能没有进一步恶化。结论 静脉注射移植MSCs后细胞可以分布到重要组织器官内，并不影响其组织结构；移植细胞有向梗死心肌组织内迁移的趋势，能明显延缓左心室重构而导致的心功能恶化。

Distribution of bone marrow MSCs injected through subglossal vein into myocardial infarction model rats

AIM To study the distribution of MSCs injected intravenously and the feasibility of this approach used to repair the infracted heart. METHODS Bone marrow MSCs were injected into the subglossal vein of the SD rats 7 days after myocardial infarction was created and the organs such as the lungs, heart, liver, kidneys and spleen were harvested at different times after transplantation. In order to assess the efficiency of cell transplantation by this approach, another 24 SD rats were given MSCs or medium and after 3 weeks and 6 weeks, the diameters and function were evaluated through transthoracic echocardiography. RESULTS After injection through the subglossal vein, the MSCs passed through the capillary of the lung, and then distributed into the heart and non-targeted organ, such as the spleen, kidneys, lungs, but seldom in the liver. The structure of these organs remained normal. The cells migrating into myocardium had a tendency to the infracted area. The left ventricle function did not exacerbate after injection of MSCs compared with that in control group. CONCLUSION MSCs injected intravenously can distribute into myocardium, spleen, kidneys and lungs. The migration of injected cells delays the left ventricle remodeling after MI.