人血清白蛋白的代谢过程及生物功能

白蛋白和白蛋白原有67种以上的变异类型,白蛋白所含氨基酸残基范围在580~585个,是人体血浆内含量最多的蛋白。白蛋白有77个结合配体的位点。白蛋白基因位于4号染色体近着丝粒处（4q12~22）,白蛋白以前白蛋白原氨基端24个氨基酸残基开始合成。血清白蛋白序列与A F P、维生素D结合蛋白和血浆维生素E结合蛋白（α-albumin,afamin）同源,故将它们归为血清白蛋白家族。白蛋白的合成受多种因素的影响如激素、营养状态、渗透压、应激和体温,机体自身也对其存在有效的调控。尽管内皮细胞参与了白蛋白的分解代谢,但其具体的分子识别过程尚未阐明。白蛋白主要生物功能是维持胶体渗透压和运输作用,同时还具有如多种酶活性、清除自由基及调节凝血等功能。

Metabolic Process and Biological Function of Human Serum Albumin

amino acid res albumin is the There are more than 67 variants in human serum albumin and proalbumin idues ranging from 580 to 585. There are 77 binding sites of ligands on the most abundant in human plasma. Its gene is located at chromosome 4 near They contain albumin. The the centromere（4q12 -22）. The synthesis process begins with pre-proalbumin which contains 24 amino acid residues The amino acid sequences of serum albumin is homologous to alpha-fetoprotein, Vitamin D - binding pro- tein, they are therefore catogerized to the family of serum albumin. The whole process can be influenced by many factors such as hormones, nutritional status, osmotic pressure, stress and temperature. The body itself can also regulate the process effectively. Although the endothelial cell participates in the catabolism of the albumin, the exact molecular recognization process has not been elucidated. The main biological function of albumin is the maintenance of the colloid osmotic pressure and the transportation of sub- stances. Meanwhile many new functions are being discovered and recognized by human, such as enzymat- ic activity, free radical scavenging and regulation of blood coagulation process