单克隆抗体ELISA间接夹心法检测家鼠型HFRS疫区人和动物血清中特异性抗体

用McAb-ELISA间接夹心法和IFAT或酶标SPA染色法平行检测山西地区(家鼠型HFRS疫区)的人及动物血清中HFRS病毒特异性IgM和/或IgG抗体。结果ELISA检测174份HFRS病人血清的阳性率及抗体滴度均明显高于IFAT。检测295份无明确HFRS病史的健康人血清,ELISA的阳性率也高于IFAT。检测215份鼠类血清,102份兔血清及108份猪血清,ELISA的阳性检出率与IFAT或酶标SPA染色法基本相同。用阻断试验等证明本ELISA检出的确是HFRS病毒特异性抗体。对ELISA的某些试验条件作了讨论,并认为,McAb-ELISA在帮助临床早期诊断及血清流行病学调查等方面均有实用价值。

Detections of HFRS virus antibodies in various sera from epidemic area of the house rat type of HFRS by a McAb-ELISA indirect sandwich method

HFRS virus IgM and/or IgG antibodies in human and several animals sera drawn from Shanxi Province, which was the epidemic area of the house-rat type of HFRS, were detected by a McAb-ELISA indirect sand wich method and IFAT or enzyme-labeled SpA staining test. The IgM antibody positive rates of 140 HFRS patients' sera detected by the ELISA and IFAT were 65.71% and 45%, respectively, and the difference was significant(P<0.01). The IgG antibody positive rates of 174 HFRS patients' sera detected by the ELISA and IFAT were 80.46% and 67.24%, respectively, and the former was higher than the latter(P<0.01). The titer measured by ELISA, either of IgM or IgG, was higher than the titer by IFAT(P<0.01). The positive rate of 295 sera from health individuals who had not history of HFRS detected by the ELISA was higher than one by IFAT(P<0.01) . The positive rates of 215 sera of the rat, 102 sera of the rabbit and 108 sera of the pig detected by the ELISA were similar to those by IFAT or enzyme-lebeled SpA staining test(P<0.05). The specificity of the antibody detected by the ELISA was proved by the antibody-blocking test. Several parameters of the ELISA were disscused. The analytical result shows that the McAb-ELISA is a specific, sensitive and simple method, and can be used for early diagnosis, definit and retrospect diagnosis and epid-emiological investigation of HFRS.