老年和青年急性心肌梗死患者诱因的分析及预防

目的 对比分析老年和青年急性心肌梗死患者的诱因，并提出预防对策。方法 选取老年（60岁以上）急性心肌梗死（acute myocardial infarction，AMI）组148例，青年（40岁以下）AMI组64例，对两组的发病诱因进行比较分析。结果老年组无明确AMI诱因者占51．4％，明显高于青年组（P〈0.01），且老年组明确的AMI诱因广泛。老年组和青年组AMI危险因素的侧重点不同（P〈0．05），老年组危险因素合并症多且相互影响，以高血压为首；青年组危险因素以严重的不良生活习惯为主，吸烟最为常见。结论 老年和青年急性心肌梗死患者的诱发因素、危险因素特点不同。据此可制定不同的预防措施。

Comparative Analysis of Inducements and Prevention of Acute Myocardial Infarction between Young and Elderly Patients

Objective To explore the different inducements and prevention interventions of acute myocar-dial infarction(AMI) between young and elderly patients.Methods The elderly group(n=148) included AMI patients above 60 years old.The young group(n=64) included AMI patients below 40 years old.The inducements of AMI were compared between the two groups.Results There were 51.4% of patients with no obvious inducement of AMI in the elderly group,which was higher than that of the young group(P<0.01) and those obvious inducements verified in elderly group.The risk factors in the two groups were different(P<0.05).For elderly patients,complications were main risk factors,with hypertension as the top one complication.However,bad habits were the main risk factors among young patients,with smoking as the top one complication.Conclusion Different precautions should be made according to different inducements and risk factors between elderly and young patients with AMI.