青海省儿童免疫规划疫苗接种率调查

目的了解青海省儿童免疫规划疫苗接种现状，分析影响因素，提出改进建议，推动我省免疫规划工作的进一步发展。方法在全省7个地区采取两阶段按容量比例概率抽样（PPS）方法，共调查2008—2009年出生儿童1261名，接种记录按照卫生部标准进行统计。结果调查接种率分别为卡介苗（BCG）93．10％、脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗（OPV）91．67％、百白破联合疫苗（DPT）91．28％、麻疹减毒活疫苗（MV）91．12％、乙型肝炎疫苗（HepB）92．23％，五苗合格接种率为90．40％；流脑A群疫苗（MenA）84．14％、甲肝疫苗（HepA—1）82．71％，全省新增的甲肝、流脑疫苗接种率较低，大部分地区免疫规划疫苗接种率在85％以下。结论我省部分地区免疫规划疫苗接种率与国家规定目标以县为单位接种率〉85％的要求相比仍有较大差距；加强免疫未得到很好地开展。部分地区流脑、甲肝疫苗纳入免疫规划实施进展缓慢。

Investigation on vaccination rate of children expand program of immunization in Qinghai

Objective To learn about the status of children expand program of immunization （ EPI）, analyze the influencing factors, and make recommendations for improvement, so as to promote the further development of EPI in the whole province. Methods The two - stage probability proportionate to size sampling （PPS） method was adopted in the survey, and seven prefectures were involved in the province. A total of i 261 children born in 2008 and 2009 were investigated in the activity, and the vaccination records were in accordance with the standards of the ministry of health. Results The rate of investigation vaccination were as follows： BCG was 93. 10% , oral poliomyelitis vaccine （OP~） was 91.67% , DTP vaccine was 91.28%, measles live attenua- ted vaccine （MV） was 91.12% and hepatitis B vaccine （HepB） was 92.23%. The rate of five vaccines cov- erage qualified was 90.40% , ECM group A vaccine （MenA） was 84. 14% , and hepatitis A vaccine （ HepA - 1） was 82.71%, the hepatitis A and MenA added newly were lower than the EPI vaccine, and the EPI vac- cination rate was below 85 % in parts of the province. Conclusions There is still a wide gap between the vacci- nation rates of EPI and targets of the country which demanded that vaccination rate by county are higher than 85%. Boost immunization has not been well carried out. The progress of the hepatitis A and MenA into EPI was slow in parts of the province.