高海拔与平原地区颅脑外伤住院患者人数变化趋势分析

目的比较历年高海拔与平原地区颅脑外伤住院患者人数变化趋势的差异。方法从“中华创伤数据库”中提取2001—2007年军队医院收治的地方颅脑外伤患者病案首页信息，选取2所高海拔地区军队医院和2所医院级别相同的平原地区军队医院，比较高海拔与平原地区军队医院收治的地方颅脑外伤住院患者的人数变化情况。结果高海拔地区军队医院收治的地方颅脑外伤男性患者比例及其住院天数的中位数高于平原地区医院，而患者年龄、汉族患者比例及手术率均低于平原地区医院（P均〈0．001）。7年来4所医院累计出院颅脑外伤患者共9141人次，年平均增长率为13．15％；高海拔地区医院颅脑外伤出院患者年平均增长率为24．00％，而平原地区医院颅脑外伤住院患者年平均增长率为7．09％。4大类颅脑外伤出院患者人数由多至少依次为：颅内器官损伤、头颈躯干开放性外伤、颅骨骨折、其他。结论高海拔地区颅脑外伤患者在人口统计学指标、住院天数、手术情况等方面与平原地区存在显著差异；且高海拔地区颅脑外伤出院患者人数增长率快于平原地区，应引起相关部门的注意。

Number Variation Trend of Inpatients with Traumatic Brain Injury in High Altitude and Plain Areas

Objective To explore the number variation trend of inpatients with traumatic brain injury （TBI） in high altitude and plain areas. Methods The first page information in medical records of TBI patients, who were admitted to military hospitals from 2001 to 2007, was searched and extracted from the Chinese Trauma Database. Two military hospitals in high altitude area and another two in the same hospital level in plain area were selected. Then, the number variation trend of TBI inpatients in those two areas was compared. Results In high altitude area, the proportion of male patients and their median inpatient days were higher, while the age, proportion of Han patients and surgery rate were lower than those in plain area （all P〈0.001）. During 2001-2007, there were 9 141 TBI patients discharged from the four hospitals, and the average annual growth rate was 13.15%. In high altitude area, the average annual growth rate of dis- charged inpatients was 24.00%, while in plain area, it was just 7.09%. The 4 common categories of TBI were intracranial in）ury, open wound of the head, neck and trunk, skull fracture, and other injuries. Condusion Compared with the plain area, there are significant differences in the demographics, hospital stay and surgery of inpatients in high altitude area. The average annual growth rate of TBI inpatients discharged from hospitals in high altitude area is faster than that in plain area, to which should be paid attention by relevant departments.