羊水染色体制备技术的改进

 目的改良羊水染色体制备技术。方法与传统羊水细胞染色体制备方法不同，在常规预固定加2次甲醇和冰醋酸3∶1（v∶v）固定基础上，新增1次甲醇和冰醋酸1∶3反比例固定操作，随机选取194个羊水标本制备染色体，比较新旧方法在制片成功率、染色体分散度和显带方面的差异。并应用改良方法对3726例羊水标本进行核型分析。结果与传统方法相比，增加反固定方法不仅能显著提高羊水培养成功率（P<0.05），而且获得核型分散效果更好、染色体分辨率更高（P<0.05）。3726例羊水标本中，一次性培养成功3671例，成功率为98.52%，检出异常核型265例，异常率为7.22%。结论羊水染色体制备改良方法中增加反固定方法，所获核型好、成功率高，便于临床推广。

An Improved Procedure for the Chromosome Preparation of from Amniotic Fluid Cells

Objective To improve the protocol for chromosome preparation from amniotic fluid cells.Methods An additional fixation was applied using 1:3 (v:v) of methanol and glacial acetic acid based on the conventional pre-fix plus two times of fixation (3:1 (v:v) of methanol and glacial acetic acid):194 cases were randomly selected to compare successful rate,chromosome dispersion and G-banding between the old and new methods.Prenatal diagnosis was carried out in 3 726 amniotic fluid samples using the improved procedure.Results Statistical analysis data indicated that the new method improved the successful rate of chromosome analysis,and achieved better karyotypes (P<0.05) compared with traditional method.3 671 cases were cultured successfully in 3 726 cases with the successful rate of 98.52%,and abnormal karyotype were found in 265 fetuses (7.22%).Conclusion We established a novel and effective method of chromosome preparation with high success rate,better splitting phase,and ease of operation with amniotic fluid cells.