大鼠口给益母草石油醚提取物的毒性研究

 目的考察益母草石油醚提取物对大鼠肝、肾的毒性影响。方法取益母草石油醚提取物按60g·kg^-1·d^-1剂量给大鼠连续灌胃15d,给药结束,留取部分大鼠的血、尿和肝、肾组织标本,检测相关肝、肾功能指标,观察肝、肾形态组织学变化;余下大鼠于停药后15d复测上述指标。实验另设益母草给药组相比较。结果益母草石油醚提取物连续用药15d,血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、血尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)和尿蛋白(Upro)、尿N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)指标水平明显升高,肝、肾组织可见肿胀、少量炎细胞浸润等病理损伤;停药后尿蛋白水平升高,其余肝肾功能指标水平均降低,组织病理损伤有所减轻。益母草石油醚提取物对大鼠的肝肾损伤明显比益母草严重。结论益母草石油醚提取物具有明显的肝肾毒性,对Upro水平的影响短期内不可逆,其余毒性影响均具有一定可逆性。益母草致毒性的成分可能主要存在于其石油醚提取物中。

Toxicity of Petroleum Ether Extract from Herba Leonuri after Oral Administration in Rats

OBJECTIVE To investigate the toxic effect of petroleum ether extract of Herba Leonuri(PEE) on the liver and kidney in rats.METHODS PEE was given intragastrically to 12 rats at the dose of 60 g·kg^-1·d^-1.After administration for 15 d,the blood,urine,liver and kidney of 6 rats were collected.The biochemical parameters served as the markers of liver and renal function were determined and the pathological examination of the liver and renal was performed.The other 6 rats were continuously fed without administration for the further 15 d.The above mentioned parameters were also observed.The experimental group given Herba Leonuri decoction(HL) was established to compare with PEE group.RESULTS PEE administration for 15 d caused significant increases of serum ALT,AST,BUN,Cr,urinary protein(Upro) and urinary NAG.It also caused pathological injury to the liver and kidney such as cellular swelling and inflammatory infiltration.After recovery,the level of upro was increased,but the level of the other liver and renal functional parameters was decreased.The pathological injury was ameliorated.The toxicity of PEE was obviously higher than that of HL.CONCLUSION PEE displayed liver and renal toxicity.The effect of PEE on upro irreversible in the short time,however the other toxic effects were reversible.The toxic component(s) which is responsible for the toxicity of HL might be mainly in PEE.