提高我国流行性感冒监测能力的对策研究

目的为提高我国流行性感冒(流感)监测能力,做好应对流感大流行的准备。方法分析和评价现有流感相关监测系统信息收集和实验室检测能力的现状和需求。结果我国6个流感相关监测系统以疾病三间分布信息为主。经初步推算,国家级流感哨点监测系统覆盖人口数和覆盖率分别为2 693万和2.30%,流感样病例的采样率为1.75%,实验室确诊率为0.13%。实验室检测能力地区间差异明显,23个省(自治区、直辖市,下同)流感实验室年均病毒分离率7.74%,65.17%的省<10%。结论加强流感相关监测系统间的信息互补,将国家级流感哨点医院人口覆盖率扩大至5%,补充农村哨点医院,实现临床-病毒学信息一体化,并启动新毒株危险性评估以及疾病负担研究等工作。

Strategies on Enhancing Capacities of Influenza Surveillance in China

Objective In order to build capacities of influenza surveillance in China and prepare for influenza pandemic response.Methods We analyzed current capacities and requirement for information collecting in influenza surveillance systems in China.Results The results showed that information of basic distributions was collected in six correlative surveillance systems.It was estimated that the coverage of Influenza Sentinel Surveillance System of China were about 26.9 million population with 2.3% coverage rate based on the capacities of 121 national sentinel hospitals.Proportion of specimen collection was 1.75% for cases of influenza-like illness and totally there were 0.13% cases confirmed by laboratory testing averagely each year.The capacities of laboratory testing in 23 provinces were different and the average of positive isolation rate was 7.74%.In general,the most of isolation rates(65.17%)were 10% below.Conclusions We suggested that the mechanism for sharing information among correlative systems of influenza surveillance should be designed.To enhance capacities of influenza surveillance,various strategies for redistributing sentinel,increasing coverage rate of national sentinel hospitals to 5%,more surveillance hospitals in rural areas and clinical-viral information integration should be set up.Significantly,we should develop a series of plans to identify novel viruses,assess risk of new strain and explore disease burden of influenza in pre-pandemic period.