全蝎的卫生学检验与质量考察

采用卫生学检验的方法,对不同产地、不同商品规格和不同贮藏期全蝎商品中的大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、杂菌、霉菌和酵母菌进行了检测。结果:29份全蝎样品均未检出大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌;但是,染杂菌率达100％,淡全蝎的染杂菌率高于咸全蝎的2.1倍;在29份全蝎样品中,染杂菌超过10~5/g的药材占6.9％。霉菌染菌率达72.4％,其中咸全蝎染霉菌率较淡全蝎高15％,染霉菌的不合格率高达27.55％;经鉴定,与人类疾病有关的病原菌有链格孢Alternalia neesex Wallroth、烟曲霉菌Aspergillus fumigatus Fresenius、诺卡氏菌Nocarcia sp.、紫色毛癣菌Trico-phyton violaceum Sabouraud等4种。建议有关药品标准中增加对动物类药材的部分卫生学检查项目,以控制其质量,并加强对商品的贮藏和保管,以减少污染。由于咸全蝎易染致病菌,中国药典应取消咸全蝎商品或增加对咸全蝎的卫生学检验指标,以保证临床用药的安全和有效。

The Hygienic Examination and Quality Research of Chinese Crude Drug Scorpion

We selected the method of hygienic test to determinate the infection of colibacillis, salmonelli, mixed bacteria, mould fungis and yeasts on Chinese crudee drug scorpion from 29 commerical samples in different storaged period, habitats and commerical standard.The results showed there were not colibacillt and salmonelli in all 29 samples,but infectious mixed bacteria rate is 100% , which is 2.1 times more than salty scorpion in 29 tested samples, and the infectious fungi rate is 72.4% .The fungi of salty scorpion is 15% more than fresh scorpion. The quantity of infected yeasts on salty scorpion is much more than scorpion.There are 4 species of fungi such as Alternalia neesex Wallroth, Asperillus funrigatus Fresenius, Nocarcia sp. and Tricophyton violaceum Sabouraud.Because of infectious pathogenic bacteria rate is so high, we suggest to increase the item of hygienic test to control the quality of crude drug scorpion and strengthen the administration of commerical drugs,so as to reduce the contaminative condition.