藏医学药用植物中我国种子植物特有种整理

为了探讨藏医药用植物资源的构成与特点,促进藏药资源的合理保护与利用,分别统计分析藏医药用植物及临床常用藏药材中中国特有种子植物的种类、分布等信息。各藏医药文献中记载的约2 000余种藏医药用植物中,有我国种子植物特有种523种(约占25%),隶属于65科,162属;藏医临床常用的625种药用种子植物中,有我国特有种180余种(约占28%),隶属42科,72属;这些特有种中除少属与中药和其他民族药交叉使用的种类外,多数为主要或仅分布于青藏高原的特色藏药材,其中,约10%被列入《中国物种红色目录》。青藏高原是我国特有分布类型最为丰富的地区,是形成藏药资源特色的生物生态学原因;加强这些藏医药用特有种的研究对于藏药资源的合理保护利用具有重要意义。

Traightened on Chinese endemic seed plant species of medicine plants used in Tibetan medicine

This paper is in order to discussion with the composition and characteristics of Tibetan medicine plant resources, and promote the reasonable protection and utilization of the resources of Tibetan materia medica. Statistical analysis of species, distributions, and others of Chinese endemic seed plant from Tibetan medicine plants and usually used in the clinic of Tibetan medicine. The results showed that there are 523 species (25%) of Chinese endemic seed plant, belonging to 65 families and 162 genera, in about 2 000 varieties of Tibetan medicine plants recorded in relevant literatures. There are 180 Chinese endemic seed plant species (28%) belonging to 42 families and 72 genera from 625 medicine plants usually used in the clinic of Tibetan medicine. Specifically, the most of these Chinese endemic seed plant species are characteristic crude drug used in Tibetan medicine, and mainly or only distributed in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. And a few species of them were intersected with traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) and other ethnic medicines. In addition, about 10% are listed in China Species Red List. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the most abundant areas of Areal-types of the Chinese endemic seed plant. This is the biological and ecological reason formation the characteristics of Tibetan medicine plant resources. Therefore, strengthen the research of Chinese endemic seed plants used in Tibetan medicine is great significance for the reasonable protection and utilization of Tibetan medicine plant resources.