早产儿视网膜病并文献复习

目的 探讨早产儿视网膜病发病机制、临床表现及治疗方法.方法 报道4例早产儿视网膜病,并进行文献复习.结果 4例患儿抗感染控制较好,白细胞、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞比率均基本在正常范围内,出现医源性贫血,短暂低血糖,低血钾,凝血功能障碍.4例患儿均为早产,低出生体重儿,早期均吸氧,给予肺表面活性物质,4例患儿孕周、体重接近,病程变化及治疗相似,生后4～6周间均进行早产儿视网膜筛查,成活.例1和例2为同卵双胎,无ROP,例3和例4为同卵双胎,最终发展成ROP.结论 随着早产儿、低出生体重儿成活率逐渐增高,早产儿视网膜病的发生率及严重程度也逐步上升.冷凝治疗或激光治疗是目前治疗ROP最为成熟、效果最好的方法,但不能对其进行早期干预.

Feature of retinopathy of premturity and literature review

Objective To explore retinopathy,clinical manifestation and therapies of retinopathy of prematurity.Methods Four cases of pre-maturity of Pathogenesis were reported and the literature was reviewed.Results Four patients were given anti-infective regulation,the percentage of white blood cell,neutron-philic granulocyte and lymphocytes were all in the normal range with iatrogenic anemia.All of them underwent transitory hypo-glycaemia,hypo-kalaemia and coagulation disorders.Four cases that were given oxygen therapy and pulmonary surfactant were all premature and low birth weight infants.Case1 and case2 were monozygotic twins without retinopathy of prematurity ( ROP),case 3 and case 4 developed ROP in the final which were also monozygotic twins.Conclusions With gradually increasing survival rate of premature and low birth weight infants,the incidence of retinopathy of pre-maturity and the risk of disability increases remarkably.Nowadays,the congealed therapy or laser therapy is the best approach to treat ROP,but it cannot effectively intervene retinopathy of pre-maturity' s prognosis at early stage.