含生物碱类成分中、成药不良反应的文献调查与分析

目的： 对含生物碱类成分中、成药引起不良反应的报告进行分析，探讨其临床特征和抢救方法，为临床用药提供指导。方法：收集中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、国家生物技术信息中心(NCBI)及相关书籍中所记载含有生物碱类成分中、成药的不良反应案例，并建立相应的数据库(包括个案及群例统计)，使用SPSS 17.0软件对其不良反应进行统计分析。结果：含乌头碱类生物碱的中、成药最易导致不良反应的发生，并且含生物碱药品多用来治疗疼痛及感染等病症，其不良反应多见于中老年人，并有发病迅速的特点。超量服用及误服是最易导致不良反应发生的因素，其临床表现以神经系统损害为最常见。结论：服用含有生物碱类成分中、成药时应注意临床用量，应加强对患者的监测，重视其引起的不良反应，保证用药安全。

Literature search and analysis of adverse drug reaction of Chinese medicines containing alkaloid components

OBJECTIVE： After exploring the clinical features and resuscitation methods of adverse drug reaction （ADR） caused by medicines containing Alkaloid components,the authors analyzed the reasons of this kind of ADR. METHODS：The authors set up the ADR-database through collecting and collating the documents containing the key words“Alkaloids”and“ADR”from CNKI database,NCBI database as well as related books,then analyzed the data using SPSS 17.0. RESULTS：Aconitine in Chinese medicines is most likely to cause adverse durg reaction. Alkloid drugs are often used in therapy of pains and infection,where they could also cause rapidly-developing ADR at the same time,with a high incidence in middle-aged and the elderly. Over dosage and erroneous ingestion happened most frequently among the various reasons leading to ADR and neurological damage accounted for a high percentage of the ADR during clinical therapy. CONCLUSION：The author made suggestions on the adminstration of Chinese medicines containing alkaloids：Firstly,we should pay attention to the clinical dosage,followed by close monitoring the patients. Last but not least,we should deal with the suspected-ADR timely.