在静脉吸毒者中开展降低危害干预项目的效果分析

目的探索在静脉吸毒者中开展以针具交换和同伴教育为主的降低危害干预项目的有效模式。方法在宁明县边境乡镇社区寻找并通过＂滚雪球＂的方式发展静脉吸毒者,在进行需求调查的基础上,对其开展针具交换、同伴教育、自愿咨询检测、安全套发放等降低危害的活动。并通过横断面调查了解静脉吸毒者行为的改变情况及干预的效果。结果项目当地的静脉吸毒者HIV感染率有下降趋势,由基线调查的17.32%下降到13.1%;共针吸毒行为从47.0%下降到3.4%;最近一次性行为不使用安全套从71.4%下降到31.3%;静脉吸毒者艾滋病知识知晓率明显提高。结论在静脉吸毒者中开展以针具交换和同伴教育为主的干预模式降低危害是可行的,效果是显著的。

Analysis on Effect of a Project on Harm Reduction among Injecting Drug Users

Objective To explore an effect intervention pattern on harm reduction based on needle exchange and peer education among injecting drug users （IDUs）. Methods IDUs in rural community, Ningming county were found using a snowballing method. On the basis of demand survey, harrn reduction activities such as needle exchange, peer education, VCT and condom promotion were conducted. IDUs＇ behavior changes and intervention effects were understood though a cross-sectional survey. Results There was a decrease tendency in HIV infection rate among IDUs, from the number of baseline surveys 17.32% down to 13.1%; the number of needle sharing behavior decreased from 47% to 3.4% and the number of recent sex without condom use decreased from 71.4% to 31.3%. Contrarily, the AIDS knowledge knowing rate increased significantly among IDUs. Conclusion It is feasible to carry out harm reduction based on needle exchange and peer education among IDUs and the effect is evident.