X线照相对胎儿脊柱发育宽度的观测与研究

目的通过X线照相观测12周和24周胎儿的脊柱发育宽度,积累国人胎儿脊柱发育宽度的参考数据。方法采用X线摄片的方法,在正位片上,选择存在于整个胎生期内椎弓两个骨化中心间的距离为标志,对120例正常胎儿(胎龄12周60例,24周60例)脊柱宽度的发育进行观测,分别报告两组所得结果,并加以分析。结果在12周内颈椎和腰椎的增大不明显,至24周胎儿颈椎和腰椎发生了明显的增大。两组C1椎弓两个骨化中心间的距离,总是比其他椎骨大。在第12周,脊柱的宽度自C2～T7逐减,而T8～L1宽度逐增,直至L1宽度约达到与T2等值的水平,从L1～S1宽度大致保持不变。在第24周,脊柱的宽度有一完全不同的形态,C2比C1的宽度大为减小,C3～6迅速增宽,T1较C7有一大的减小,T2～7逐减,T8～S1逐增,宽度几乎恢复到T1水平,自S2开始,宽度又迅速降低,至S5成为最窄部分。根据椎骨发育的生长类型,将椎骨分成5个椎骨群,C1～5,C6～7,T1～12,L1～S1,S2～5。结论填补了国人胎儿脊柱发育宽度的参考数据,为临床诊治先天性脊柱疾病提供形态学依据。

An X-ray study on the growth of Chinese fetal vertebral column

Aim To o bserve the growth of Chinese feta l vertebral column by X-ray and accumulate t he reference data for clinical treatment of congenital malformation based on mor phology.Methods The distance between the two ossifying center of neural arche s on anteroposterior were selected as la bels,which existed through the whole f eta l phase.120normal fetuses underwen t X-ray to observe the growth of ver teb ral width(including 60cases with fetal age of 12weeks,and 60cases wi th fetal age of 24weeks).Results The devel-opmental pattern of spine width obse rved from the two groups indicated th e width of cervical and lumbar verteb r ae column increased insignificantly within12weeks;but the end of the 24th week,it increased significantly.The wid th of C 1 in the two groups was bigger than the o thers.At the 12th week,the width of vertebral column decreased fromC 2 to T 7 gradually,however,increased from T 8 to L 1 ,and the width of L 1 was almost close to that of T 2 ,and the widths of L 1 to S 1 approximately unchanged.In the 24t h week,the widths of vertebral col-u mn appeared in completely differen t size,the width of C 2 was far less than that of C 1 ,the widths increased quickly from C 3 to C 6 ,the width of T 1 was sig-nificantly less than that of C 7 ,the widths of T 2 to T 7 decreased in sequence,the widths of T8to S 1 increased in sequence,and the width of S 1 was equal to that of T 1 .Then the widths of vertebral column decreased quickly from S 2 ,and the width of S 5 became the minimum.Conclusion According to the developmental pattern,the v ertebra is classified into five vertebr a groups:C 1-5 ,C 6-7 ,T 1-12 ,L 1 -S 1 ,and S 2-5 .