孕产妇不良妊娠结局危险因素的病例对照研究

目的：探讨孕产妇不良妊娠结局的危险因素。方法采用以医院为基础的非匹配病例对照研究，收集产妇一般情况、既往生育史、孕期异常状况及患病等资料，使用单因素χ2检验和多因素Logistic回归进行分析。结果单因素分析显示，病例组产妇高龄、职业为农民、不良妊娠史、早孕期异常、胎位异常、妊娠合并症的比例高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（χ2值分别为9．529、13．512、10．134、4．465、11．586、31．562，均P＜0．05）。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析表明，职业为农民（ OR＝2．298，95％CI：1．202～4．396）、不良妊娠史（OR＝1．612，95％CI：1．150～2．260）、早孕期异常（OR＝1．897，95％CI：1．142～3．152）、胎位不正（OR＝3．067，95％CI：1．536～6．126）、妊娠合并症（OR＝2．539，95％CI：1．764～3．656）为不良妊娠结局的危险因素。结论鼓励育龄期妇女优生优育，加强围孕期健康教育，孕妇应定期产检，发现异常及时就诊，以减少不良妊娠结局的发生。

Risk factors of maternal adverse pregnancy outcomes based on a case-control study

Objective To explore risk factors of maternal adverse pregnancy outcomes .Methods A unmatched case-control study based on hospital was performed , and univarite and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were conducted to analyze related factors of maternal adverse pregnancy outcomes , including general condition , history of fertility , abnormal symptoms and disease during pregnancy .Results Univarite analysis results showed that the proportions of pregnant women with advanced age , being farmers, history of adverse pregnancy , abnormalities in early pregnancy , abormal presentation , pregnancy complications were higher in case group than in control group with statistical significance (χ2 value was 9.529, 13.512, 10.134, 4.465, 11.586 and 31.562, respectively, all P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that being farmers (OR=2.298, 95%CI: 1.202 -4.396), history of adverse pregnancy (OR=1.612, 95%CI:1.150-2.260), abnormalities in early pregnancy (OR =1.897,95%CI: 1.142 -3.152), abnormal presentation (OR=3.067, 95%CI:1.536-6.126), pregnancy complications (OR=2.539, 95%CI:1.764-3.656) were risk factors of maternal adverse pregnancy outcomes .Conclusion Prepotency should be advocated among fertile woman , and prenatal health education should be strengthened .Pregnant woman should take antenatal examination regularly , and once abnormal symptoms appear , they should see doctor in time to reduce the incidence of adverse outcomes .