中国乙型肝炎疫苗纳入儿童免疫规划实施情况调查分析

目的了解乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(HepB)纳入儿童免疫规划后现状,发现存在的问题。方法从卫生部与全球疫苗免疫联盟/儿童疫苗基金合作项目的22个省(自治区、直辖市,下同)中,抽取10个省开展HepB纳入儿童免疫规划后经费支持、接种工作实施、安全注射、接种率及HepB使用与管理等情况调查。结果大部分省都能及时提供项目所需的配套经费和工作经费,以省为单位HepB报告接种率已经达到项目既定的目标,但估算和调查HepB首针及时接种率仍未达到项目目标。结论尽管各省实际HepB接种率没有报告接种率那么高,但HepB3全程接种率和HepB1及时接种率在HepB纳入儿童免疫规划后已经取得巨大成绩。为了达到项目目标,工作的重点应该是提高在家分娩儿童的HepB1及时接种率。

Analysis on Hepatitis B Vaccine Integrating Into National Immunization Programme for children in China

Objective To review the status and the challenges of implementation of Hepatitis B(Vaccine) integration into national immunization programme for children.Methods Review the financial support,implementation of Hepatitis B vaccination,safe injection,performance of vaccination,management of vaccine in 10 Provinces selected from 22 GAVI project Provinces in China.Result Most Provinces have provided co-funding for purchase of AD syringes and operational funds for Hepatitis B integration into national immunization programme.The reported coverages has reached the goal (85%) of GAVI project by Province,but the estimated and investigated coverage of time birth dose was lower and has not met the project goal(75%).Conclusion Although the real coverage of Hepatitis B vaccine is lower than the reported coverage,huge achievement has been made in increasing three doses coverage and timely birth dose coverage since project implementation.The current challenge for attaining the project goal is to improve the timely birth dose for those born at home.