损伤控制外科理念在合并腹部损伤的多发伤救治中的应用

目的 将损伤控制外科(damage control surgery,DCS)理论由传统的单纯腹部损伤救治扩展到多发伤综合救治的角度.方法 回顾性分析合并有腹部损伤的多发伤586例,其中应用了损伤控制技术138例,占24.3%.控制出血是DCS的首要任务,包括:腹部填塞(abdominal packing,AP)止血34例;双侧髂内动脉结扎56例,双侧髂内动脉栓塞8例,肝固有动脉结扎或栓塞48例(其中栓塞4例);脾动脉栓塞2例;腹内血管修补或结扎32例次(髂内动脉结扎25例次).控制污染是DCS的第2个主要目的:胰部分切除或内外引流24例次、十二指肠修补或憩室化15例次、膀胱修补造口36例次.上述简化手术完成后,患者送ICU,并立即开始继续复苏.争取在72小时内进行再次确定性手术.结果 138例采用DCS救治,存活101例,死亡率26.8%(37/138),死亡组ISS评分平均值41.6分.早期死因为颅脑损伤3例,急性大失血22例、腹腔间隙综合征1例,颈椎损伤高位截瘫2例.结论 合理使用DCS技术,维持机体的内环境稳定,使病人安全度过创伤的急性反应期,是提高严重创伤救治成功率的关键.

Application of damage control surgery in severe polytrauma associated with abdominal injury

Objective To expand DCS theory from traditional simple abdominal injury to combined therapy of polytrauma.Methods Retrospectively analyzing 586 cases of polytrauma with abdominal injury.DCS was conducted in 138 cases,which accounted for 24.3%(138/568).The first priority of DCS was hemorrhage control: abdomial packing(AP) was performed in 34 cases,bilateral internal iliac artery ligation in 56 cases,bilateral internal iliac artery embolization in 8 cases,proper artery ligation or embolization in 48 cases(4 c...