2009年中俄满洲里—后贝加尔斯克口岸地区鼠类及其携带病原的调查研究

〔目的〕了解中俄满洲里—后贝加尔斯克口岸地区鼠类及其携带病原情况。〔方法〕2009年8月,在满洲里和后贝加尔口岸地区采用夹日法和夹夜法捕鼠。采集满洲里地区鼠类脏器和血样本,用聚合酶链反应PCR方法检测肝、脾组织中的鼠疫耶氏菌、土拉弗氏菌和莫氏立克次体核酸;用逆转录RT-PCR方法检测肺组织的汉坦病毒核酸;分别用酶链免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和胶体金免疫层析方法检测血标本中的汉坦病毒和鼠疫耶氏菌、土拉弗氏菌、莫氏立克次体抗体。〔结果〕2009年8月,在中方满洲里口岸地区捕鼠7种53只,总捕鼠率6.63%,优势鼠种为长爪沙鼠、达乌尔黄鼠、黑线毛足鼠;在俄方后贝加尔斯克口岸地区捕鼠10种158只,总捕鼠率19.75%,狭颅田鼠、黑线仓鼠和黑线毛足鼠为优势鼠种。满洲里口岸鼠脏器样本中未检测到病原核酸,血标本中3份汉坦病毒抗体阳性。〔结论〕中俄满洲里-后贝加尔斯克口岸地区鼠类构成不同,中方鼠类中存在汉坦病毒感染。

Investigation on Rats and Pathogens in Sino -Russian Manzhouli-Zabaikalsk Frontier Regions

Objective To clarify the rats and rat-carried pathogens in Sino-Russian Manzhouli-Zabaikalsk frontier regions.Method The rats were captured by live traps and snap traps in field grassland in Manzhouli,Inner Mongolia and Zabaikalsk,Russian.The rat liver,spleen,lung and blood specimens were obtained.Hantaan virus nucleotide acid was amplified by RT-PCR from lung specimens.Yersinia pestis,Francisella tularensisand Rickettsia moseri nucleotide acid were amplified by PCR from liver and spleen specimens.Result In Augast,2009,a total of 53 rats represent 7 species were captured in Manzhouli,rat density was 6.63%,and Meriones unguiculatus,Citellurs daurica,Phodopus sungorus were the most abundant species.A total of 158 rats represent 10 species were captured in Zabaikalsk,and Microtus gregalis,Cricetulus barabensis,Phodopus sungorus were the most abundant species.No pathogens nucleotide acid were amplified,but 3 blood specimens were detected antibody for Hantaan virus from rat captured in Manzhouli.Conclusion The rat species were different in Manzhouli and Zabaikalsk frontier regions showed in this study.Hantaan viruses were carried by rats in Manzhouli.