现场应用青蒿琥酯预防日本血吸虫感染的效果

目的： 观察现场应用青蒿琥酯预防日本血吸虫感染的效果。方法： １９９７ 年７ ～９ 月， 分别在望江县杨河试区及贵池市沙山试区选择易感人群５６２ 例与２１８ 例， 将受试者随机分为两组， 按双盲法分服青蒿琥酯和安慰剂， 剂量均为６ ｍｇ／ｋｇ 顿服， 受试者在接触疫水后２ ｗｋ 开始服药， 每２ ｗｋ １ 次， 连服４ 次， 接受全程试验者末次服药后４ ｗｋ ， 用尼龙绢集卵法加改良加藤法进行效果评价。结果： 杨河试区服药组２７３ 例中２ 例孵化阳性，阳性率为０７ ％ ； 对照组２８９ 例粪检阳性１１ 例， 阳性率为３８ ％ ， Ｅ Ｐ Ｇ 为２６４０ ±１４９ 个。沙山试区服药组１０７例粪检均为阴性， 对照组１１１ 例粪检阳性７ 例， 感染率为６３ ％ ， Ｅ Ｐ Ｇ 为１４２３ ±２１４ 个。两试区青蒿琥酯预防血吸虫感染的保护率分别为８０９ ％ 与１００ ％ 。结论： 口服青蒿琥酯能有效地预防日本血吸虫感染。

FIELD APPLICATION OF ORAL ARTESUNATE FOR PREVENTING SCHISTOSOMA JAPONICUM INFECTION *

AIM: To assess the preventive effect of oral artesunate against S. japonicum infection. METHODS: Residents in two pilots in the schistosomiasis endemic regions, 562 cases in Yanghe pilot, Wangjiang County and 218 cases in Shashan pilot, Guichi City, Anhui Province, were selected for this study. The residents were divided into two groups. Group I received artesunate 6 mg/kg once every 2 weeks for 4 times 2 wk after contacting with infested water from July to September in 1997. Group II received the same dosage of placebo at the corresponding times. Four weeks after the last administration, stool examination using hatching method and Kato's method was conducted to evaluate the effect. RESULTS: In Yanghe pilot, 2 cases were hatching positive in the artesunate-treated group with an infection rate of 0.7% (2/273), while 11 cases were stool positive in placebo group with an infection rate of 3.8% (11/289) and a mean EPG of 26.40 +/- 1.49. In Shashan pilot, all cases in artesunate-treated group were stool negative, while 7 cases were stool positive in the placebo group with an infection rate of 6.3% (7/111), and a mean EPG of 14.23 +/- 2.14. The protection rate of artesunate was 80.9% and 100%, respectively, in the two pilots. CONCLUSION: Artesunate can protect the residents from S. japonicum infection effectively.