长沙市中学生对呼吸道传染病的知识、态度和行为分析

目的: 了解长沙市中学生应对常见呼吸道传染病的知识、态度和行为(KAP)现况,为加强中学生应对常见呼吸道传染病健康教育提供依据。 方法: 在长沙市的5个区中分别随机抽取初中、高中各1所,在每所学校中整群抽取1个班,采用无记名自填问卷方法调查在校初一、初二、高一、高二年级学生560名。结果: 学生对常见呼吸道传染病基本知识的总知晓率为56.6%,城市学生知晓率高于乡镇;呼吸道传染病疫情暴发时,55.9%的学生会积极了解常见呼吸道传染病的知识,43.4%的学生会主动搜寻相关疫情消息,80.0%的学生会听从学校、教师和家长的安排;学生对预防常见呼吸道传染病知识的总知晓率为79.5%,且女生知晓率高于男生,城市高于乡镇;疫情暴发时正确处理措施的知识总知晓率为65.7%;网络和电视广播为学生获取知识的主要途径。结论: 长沙市中学生常见呼吸道传染病KAP水平较低,学校应加强相关方面特别是乡镇学校的健康教育,探索更有效的教育方式;网络和大众传媒应继续发挥重要作用。

Knowledge, attitude and practice of respiratory infection in middle school students in Changsha

Objective:To understand the knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP) to cope with common respiratory infection in middle school students in Changsha and to strengthen health education on respiratory infection.Methods:The 5 districts in Changsha were included.One junior school and one high school were randomly selected from each district,from which a cluster sample class in each was randomly selected.An anonymous questionnaire was used to survey 560 students in the first and second year students in each school.Results:In terms of basic knowledge of common respiratory diseases 56.6% of students had adequate "total awareness" scores,whereby the rate among urban students was higher than that of rural ones.In situations of respiratory infection outbreaks,55.9% of students were actively knowledgeable of common respiratory disease,43.4% of the students read related news,and 80.0% of the students followed the advisories of schools,teachers and parents.Students’ knowledge of correct measures to prevent common respiratory infection was 79.5%,with girls ranking higher than boys,and urban students higher than rural ones.Students’ knowledge of correct measures to treat these diseases properly was 65.7%.The Internet,television and radio were the students’ main sources of knowledge.Conclusion:KAP levels of common respiratory infection among middle school students in Changsha is low.Schools,especially rural schools,should strengthen the health education and explore more effective methods of health education.The responsible public health authorities should exploit the Internet and mass media to disseminate accurate and pertinent health information.