Enhancement of O2 and CO2 Transfer Through Microporous Hollow Fibers by Pressure Cycling |
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Authors: | Vladislav Nodelman Harihara Baskaran James S. Ultman |
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Affiliation: | (1) Physiological Transport Studies Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA |
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Abstract: | An intravascular gas exchange device for the treatment of respiratory failure consisted of a multitude of blind-ended hollow fibers glued in a pine-needle arrangement to a central gas supply catheter. It has previously been shown that gas desorption rates can be significantly enhanced by cycling gas pressure between a hypobaric level of 130 and an ambient level of 775 Torr. In this study, influences of the cycling frequency (f) and the cycle fraction during which hypobaric pressure is applied ( ) were investigated. Rates of O2 desorption from O2-saturated water and CO2 desorption from CO2-saturated water into a manifold containing 198 fibers, 380 m in diameter, were measured over a range of f from 0.2 to 1.0 Hz, from 0.1 to 0.8, and fiber lengths from 4 to 16 cm. Relative to operation at ambient pressure, pressure cycling increased O2 transfer 3–4 times and CO2 transfer 4–6 times when the water flowed over the fiber manifold at 2.3 l/min. Transfer rates were relatively insensitive to f and with 80–90% of maximum enhancement obtained when was as low as 0.2. Transfer rates increased continuously with fiber length, implying that pressure cycling reduced the intra-fiber resistance to gas diffusion. A mathematical diffusion model which utilized only two adjustable parameters, a mass transfer coefficient for O2 and for CO2, simulated the trends exhibited by desorption data. © 1998 Biomedical Engineering Society.PAC98: 8745Hw, 8790+y |
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Keywords: | Lung Gas exchange Mathematical model O2 and CO2 transfer Microporous hollow fibers |
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