小鼠出生后接触锰对脑发育的毒性影响

为探讨小鼠出生后接触锰对发育相关指标的毒性的影响，用神经行为试验检测肌力，自发性活动和精神焦虑性，以神经生化TAB法检测全脑过氧化脂质（LPO）含量，邻苯三酚自氧化法检测超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性；以细胞免疫化学法（ABC法）检测大脑皮质齿状回胶质细胞纤维酸蛋白（GFAP）免疫反应强度，结果表明：（1）高锰组小鼠身长（头－臀）的增长明显滞后于对照组和低锰组，而低锰组与对照组之间无明显差异；（2）在Morris水迷宫的肌力测试中，染锰组小鼠到达平台的潜伏期明显比对照组延长，且以高锰组更为显著，在旷场试验中，染锰组小鼠在中央和外周爬格子数及抬头探测的次数均明显多于对照组，在Elevated Plus Arms焦虑性试验中，染锰组小鼠从中央区进入第一臂的潜伏期均明显缩短，而进入开放臂次数／入臂总次数的比值则均比对照组显著增高；（3）染锰组小鼠全脑组织LPD含量均比对照组明显升高，而SOD活性则次数的比值则均比对照组显著增高；（3）染锰组小鼠全脑组织LPO含量均对照组明显升高，而SOD活性则明显降低，且均以高锰组更为显著；（4）染锰组小鼠大脑皮质齿状回的GFAP免疫反应强度及其阳性产物的平均相对密度均比对照组明显增强，且以高锰组更为显著，提示小鼠出生后接触锰对其生长发育过程中的体重增长，神经行为，全脑LPO含量与SOD活性，及大脑皮质齿状回GFAP免疫反应均产生了明显的毒性影响。

Toxicity of manganese exposure on the postnatal development of brain in mice

The toxicity of manganese exposure on the postnatal development of brain in mice was investigated. Muscle motor ability was examined by Morris Water Maze, spontaneous action by Open Field Maze, neuro anxiety by Elevated Plus Arms Maze. Lipid peroxides (LPO) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of brain was detected by neurobiochemical assay; glial fibrillary protein acid (GFAP) immunoreactivity was observed by cytoimmunochemistry. The results showed that in Mn exposed group: (1) the length of body was significantly reduced; (2) the latency for reaching the platform above water in Morris Water Maze Test was longer, the walking squares and spontaneous rears in Open Field Maze, and the entries to open arms and the ratio of entries for open arms to entries for total arms in Elevated Plus Arms Maze were significantly increased; (3) LPO was obvious increased and SOD activity was decreased in brain; (4) GFAP immuno reactivity and the average proportional density of GFAP positive products in dendritic gyrus of cerebral cortex were significantly increased. More significant changes had been observed in the high Mn exposed group. It was suggested that manganese exposure could lead to behavioral, neurobiochemical and cytoimmunochemical toxicity of brain in postnatal development.